A Manifesto on Been the Senior Prefect of Your School Essay

Give unto me that wisdom that is constantly around Thy throne, and cast me not out from among Thy children. For I am Thy servant, and the son of Thy hand-maiden, a weak creature of a short existence, and too weak in understanding, in right, and in the law. Send it down from Thy high heaven and from the throne of Thy glory that it may abide with me and labor with me, that I may know and do the things that are pleasing unto Thee. For Thy wisdom knoweth and understandeth all things, and let it lead me in my works and protect me in its glory, and my labors will be acceptable unto Thee. When I was yet in my youth I sought wisdom without fear in my prayer. I prayed for it in the temple, and will seek it to my end. My heart rejoiceth over it as when the young grapes ripen. Thou art my Father, my God, and my Shepherd, who helpest me. Thy hand created and prepared me; teach me that I may learn Thy com-mandments; open my eyes that I may behold the wonders of Thy law. Remember, Lord, Thy covenant, and teach me what to say and think. Instruct me and so shall I live. Lord, show me Thy ways, lead me in Thy truth, and teach me. I am Thy servant, teach me that I may un-derstand Thy evidence. Console me again with Thy help and let the happy spirit sustain me. Thou lover of life, Thy immortal spirit is in all things. Teach me to work in a manner that is well pleasing unto Thee, for Thou art my God. Let Thy good spirit lead me in pleasant paths. With Thee is the living fountain and in Thy light we see the light. Let my goings be established, and let no unrighteousness rule over me. Teach me wholesome manners and enlighten me, for I believe Thy com-mandments. Lead me in Thy truth and teach me, for Thou art the God who helps me, and I wait daily before Thee. Let Thy countenance shine upon Thy servant and teach me to know Thy justice. Let me behold Thy glory, for Thou, Lord, art my light, and Thou wilt turn my darkness into day. Wilt Thou join Thyself with me in eternity, and trust me in right-eousness and in judgment, in grace and mercy, yea, wilt Thou join me in faith that I may know Thee, the Lord. Lord, let my complaints come before Thee. Instruct me according to Thy word. Let my prayers come before Thee, rescue me according to Thy word. Show me Thy ways, oh, Lord, that I may walk in Thy truth. Keep my heart in singleness that I may fear Thy name. I will remember Thy name from childhood, therefore, all people will thank Thee forever and ever. Amen.

Developing Supply Chain to Deliver WOW Essay

Zappos.com is a privately held online retailer with an extensive product category mainly including apparel, footwear, handbags, and watches. Headquartered in Nevada, it primarily operates in the US with about 1,300 employees and revenues mounting to $635M in 2008. Thanks to its strength in offering an outstanding customer shopping experience and strong corporate cultures and values related to customer service, it was the largest online shoe retailer in 2008, with a positive growth outlook. However, in the face of possible economic downturn, its underlying insufficiencies in supply chain management and operations may pose a threat to the company’s long term profitability. Nevertheless, the opportunity of possible international expansion may well be exploited to improve sales and expand the business, but such decision still needs critical evaluation and feasibility assessment in whether Zappos can sustain its focus on outstanding customer service levels in such scenario. The online-retail industry in which Zappos operates is one in which the rivalry among existing competitors is high, as it is competing with both click-n-brick stores like Amazon, as well as traditional retail stores such as Footwear Inc which also have a strong focus on the shoe segment. However, the threat of new entrants is very low as a result of the high initial capitalization required for the start of business. There are a large number of buyers in the market. However, high price sensitivity and low switching cost strengthen the buyer`s position; continuing to attract such customers becomes one of the main challenges for Zappos during a likely scenario of economic downturn. Zappos will need to adopt strategies such as importing directly from foreign suppliers, committing to 5 day delivery through ground shipping as opposed to next-day air shipping, offering its own private label, and expanding its Powered by Zappos initiative. Company Value Chain: Problem Analysis External Analysis Porter’s 5 Forces The following is an evaluation of the external forces acting upon Zappos’ operations and their possible impact in the immediate and future performance of the company: Degree of Rivalry – HIGH: While Zappos is a pioneer player in the online retail segment, in practice it is not only competing with other online retailers, but with brick-and-mortar stores in the traditional retail sector which have substantial experience in the market. Many other players offer similar products to those carried by Zappos’. Bargaining Power of Buyers – MODERATE to HIGH: Given the many alternatives in the market, the switching cost for a customer to other retailers is very low. Consumers are becoming increasingly price-conscious, and with the small potential for differentiation in the non-fashion elite segment, the customer can easily find other similar product options, forcing retailers to offer lower pricing to remain competitive. Threat of New Entrants – MODERATE TO LOW: The barriers to entry in the industry are extremely high, based on the large capital investment required. However the online retail business is still on its growth stages, which may attract new players and investors looking to capture potential markets. Bargaining Power of Suppliers – LOW: Competition for both wholesaler / importer suppliers and direct manufacturers is intense and well established; therefore, the market itself drives the power of the many suppliers down. As discussed, there are many alternatives in the market such that no single supplier is dominant. Threat of Substitutes – LOW: There are no substitute products available for most of the products which Zappos may offer to the public, so such threat is unlikely. SWOT Analysis Strengths – Customer-Oriented Culture and Services – Zappos has strong company culture and values, which have a large influence on all aspects of the business, including the supply chain. Zappos is always looking for new ways to WOW every customer and always treat every employee like family. The employees consider Zappos a fun place to work. In addition, Zappos` commitment to customer service satisfaction is clearly demonstrated by their value propositions and represents their core differentiation strategy. These are free shipping, guaranteed 5 day delivery (WOWing the customer, where 49% of customers will receive their product within 2 days), a 365 day return policy and 24/7 customer service. Unique Products and Innovation – The core products that Zappos offers are designed to be distinctly different from the traditional shoes available in brick-and mortar stores. Zappos provides customizable product models and extensive product information to customers. For example, Zappos` site has a detailed discussion of gait that helps customers to determine which type of shoe is appropriate for them. Weaknesses – Presence Limited to Online Market – Although there are many online shoppers today and the number is still growing, Zappos is unable to reach the majority of retail shoppers by only having the online outlet channel. Relatively Low Profit Margin – The revenue of Zappos in 2008 is $635 million, but the company policy on product returns makes up 35% of gross sales. This is definitely crippling Zappos profits. High Dependency on UPS – Until 2008, Zappos has only one call center in Las Vegas and one distribution center in Shepherdsville, Kentucky. The distribution center is less than 30 minutes from the UPS hub in Louisville. This will make Zappos delivery highly dependent on UPS. Opportunities – Rapid Growth of Online Shopping – Online purchasing has grown consistently year after year; the opportunity lies in capturing new online customers and retaining them. Technology Innovation – In 2008, Zappos added more automation to its warehouse operations by installing a robotic system in which robots picked up shelves that contained the items to be picked, and brought the shelves to the workers. These new robots allow Zappos to ship a pair of shoes in as little as eight minutes. Technology advances will allow Zappos to increase the capacity and efficiency of its distribution centers, without having to build new centers. Build Strategic Alliances with Complementary Retailers – Zappos could build synergies with similar-size online retailers which offer complementary products in an effort to broaden its customer base and target audience. Threats – Economic Downturn – Customers will become more price-conscious in difficult economic times, which will ultimately drive Zappos strategy in order to remain competitive in such scenario. Competitive Rivalry – While Zappos is one of the pioneer players specialized in shoe-retailing, the trend is for established brick-and-mortar companies to start offering their products online, which may generate additional competitive pressures. Possible Security Breach for Online Retailer – Zappos must address possible security breaches to its servers. Problem Statement Based upon the previous analysis, Zappos faces two major problems which may be detrimental to the company’s long-term success. Our aim here is to synthesize them in order to formulate a series of recommendations that the company could implement to solve the mentioned problems. Problem 1: Supply Chain Management The first problem that the company faces within its organization is related to supply chain management. We have identified three different sub-issues within this topic in which Zappos has room for improvement: Imports from wholesalers as an intermediary between Zappos and the manufacturers – Due to the highly uncertain demand in the sector, having a wholesaler between Zappos and the brands that manufactures the product is a strategic problem for the company. When Zappos places an order, it is relying on the inventory that the wholesaler keeps in order to fulfill its need of supply. Furthermore, Zappos may find it difficult to secure its supply as the company grows, having no control over wholesaler import decisions. This is especially critical in a sector with unstable demand faced with global economic uncertainty. Zappos must devise supply chain-related strategies which provide the company with more flexibility in terms of profit margins in order to deal with more price-conscious customers in the future. Delivery to Zappos’ distribution centers from suppliers – The company faces a problem in relation to inefficiency of partially loaded trucks arriving to unload to Zappos’ inventory facilities. As the case highlights, significant numbers of partially loaded trucks (LTL) arrive to unload products generating unnecessary traffic in the distribution center, subsequently slowing down the unloading process. There’s a need for Zappos to address this issue, ultimately affecting its whole operation’s efficiency. Inventory Management – At this point, the company uses manual scanners to register incoming and outgoing stock from its distribution center. This may lead to inventory inaccuracies due to the high probability of human error to occur in the handling of the incoming and outgoing merchandise. It is of the utmost importance for Zappos to have accurate inventory information, not only in terms of its supply chain management, but also in maintaining customer service levels because of the potential of having inaccurate information on the website such that a customer may order a product which is actually out of stock. Problem 2: Growing the business Throughout the case it is been said that the company plans to expand. It is possible to grow the business in a national scale as well as internationally. The following issues need to be addressed by Zappos when evaluating company expansion: determining strategic locations for new facilities to store its inventory and achieve a good balance between supplier lead times and delivery times to the final customer. In addition, the company faces the decision of whether to continue having its distribution centralized in Kentucky. Moreover, Zappos needs to evaluate whether or not it is still feasible to use UPS ground shipping in the long-term. The company would also face a problem not only when trying to maintain its customer service levels and an efficient delivery, but also when trying to get new employees to share its corporate culture. Recommendations: Start Importing Directly from Foreign Manufacturers: Zappos should begin developing direct relationships with foreign manufacturers, especially with Chinese suppliers, starting by importing some products directly, instead of buying from North American wholesalers. This strategy has the following benefits: * Cost savings from purchasing the same products at lower prices, providing the company with more pricing flexibility at dealing with cost-conscious consumers in a difficult economy. * Distribution channel efficiency is increased by eliminating middlemen in the supply chain. In this sense, there is no need for products to be shipped from foreign suppliers to a wholesale distributor and from there to Zappos; Zappos can receive the product directly at their distribution center, reducing freight costs across the value chain as well as lead times. * A closer relationship with manufacturers might enable Zappos to obtain information regarding inventory levels, product availability, and or der status and timing. It is worth noting that even in cases where Zappos is still purchasing from a wholesaler (who in-turn imports from the manufacturer), the wholesaler can request the manufacturer to deliver directly to the Zappos distribution center, earning the lead time and cost benefits. Opt for Ground Shipping as Opposed to Next Day Air Shipping: Given the risk of failing to meet the next day delivery standards because of external factors, Zappos should only guarantee 5-day delivery. In this manner, the company will consistently overdeliver, with 99% of customers receiving their orders within 4 days. This strategy not only makes sense from a cost perspective, but it also goes hand-in-hand with Zappos’ culture of outstanding customer service. However, the option of next day air delivery should be made available to the customer for a premium rate. Sign a Contract with a Selected Trucking Company Specialized in Consolidation: In order to minimize LTL shipments to its distribution centers and mitigate the economic inefficiencies that LTL implies, Zappos should sign a contract with a major transportation and logistics company specialized in consolidation in order to handle Zappos order pick-ups from some of its remaining local suppliers, optimizing cargo capacity and delivering such products to the distribution center. This contract strategy would only be possible to implement in areas with high supplier concentration such as Southern California and Ontario. It is granted that such a strategy would require a long and difficult negotiation process between suppliers, the logistics company and Zappos; however, economies of scale benefits could be obtained from the large volumes to be handled and the cost savings distributed across the industry value chain. Search for Additional Partners and Expand â€Å"Powered by Zappos†: Powered by Zappos partners act as distributors of the products carried by Zappos. In this sense, finding new partners will generate additional revenues from both the fees of developing and running distributor websites and operations and from an expanded market base deriving from multiple websites offering Zappos products. Offer its own Zappos Private Label: Zappos could expand the business by offering its own private label; private labels offer the advantage of not purchasing from a third-party wholesaler which in itself is making a profit from the merchandise, allowing for more flexibility in terms of pricing and profit margins. Overall, by commercializing its own brand, Zappos can offer its private label merchandise at lower prices than the industry standards, while maintaining its profit margin. This strategy would be effective at dealing with price elastic customers in uncertain economic times. It must be noted that to achieve this, however, the company would need to develop internal design capabilities and source its private label through selected manufactures which meet their needs. In order to achieve the lowest supplier prices, supplier relationships would need to be developed through established contracts which may include exclusivity agreements. Based on the large volumes that Zappos handles through its established customer base, the strategy could also earn benefits from economies of scale and increased brand awareness. Do not Expand Internationally in the Short-Term: The huge capital investment required and the risk of affecting customer service levels makes international expansion undesirable in the short run. The company’s financial base must be strengthened further before pursuing such expansion, maintaining the focus on customer service that the company has been known for. Customer service is core to company values and culture and therefore cannot be compromised by any strategic decision. International expansion must be accompanied by the same training standards, staffing levels and passion for customer service at company call centers and order delivery must meet Zappos promise. This last factor could pose a special challenge, given that Zappos would be relying on couriers operating in different countries which may introduce a factor of uncertainty beyond Zappos control as to what levels of delivery performance can be met. Invest in an Automatic Scanning System for Inventory Control: In an environment where such accurate inventory information is required, the current manual scanning of goods entering and leaving the distribution center is inadequate. Errors in inventory control will inevitably have a negative effect on customer satisfaction in that the system may allow a customer to purchase a product that is in fact out of stock. A system which automatically scans incoming and exiting products (magnetic doorways or similar) guarantees inventory accuracy and goes hand-in hand with the core values of the company, making it a worthwhile and even necessary investment. Limitations * The capacity of the existing distribution center in Kentucky is unknown; therefore we are assuming that the current infrastructure will be enough to sustain the operations of the company to meet an increasing demand and market share in the short-term. * Suppliers which have their own fleet might be reluctant to agree to let Zappos do order pick-ups and deliver their products; however, our recommendation assumes that the suppliers are flexible in this sense. * A break-up of the company`s operational costs would be required in order to make better-informed strategy recommendations. The performed analysis is based on purely qualitative information. ——————————————– [ 1 ]. MGSC 602 Strategic Management of Operations Coursepack, Zappos.com: Developing a supply chain to deliver WOW, Stanford Graduate School of Business, Case GS-65, 02/13/09, page 276 [ 2 ]. MGSC 602 Strategic Management of Operations Coursepack, Zappos.com: Developing a supply chain to deliver WOW, Stanford Graduate School of Business, Case GS-65, 02/13/09, page 296 [ 3 ]. MGSC 602 Strategic Management of Operations Coursepack, Zappos.com: Developing a supply chain to deliver WOW, Stanford Graduate School of Business, Case GS-65, 02/13/09, page 273 [ 4 ]. MGSC 602 Strategic Management of Operations Coursepack, Zappos.com: Developing a supply chain to deliver WOW, Stanford Graduate School of Business, Case GS-65, 02/13/09, page 280 [ 5 ]. MGSC 602 Strategic Management of Operations Coursepack, Zappos.com: Developing a supply chain to deliver WOW, Stanford Graduate School of Business, Case GS-65, 02/13/09, page 276

Qualities Important in Becoming an Officer in the United States Army Essay

I don’t believe anyone could argue that it takes a good amount of leadership in order to become a successful United States Military Academy cadet, as well as an officer in the United States Army. This is almost certainly one of the first things someone would look for in a strong officer. A strong leader can impact his soldiers in various ways. If your soldiers don’t stand behind you, and don’t have faith in you, they are more prone to disagree with or disobey your orders. Aside from leadership, a USMA cadet should be able to easily demonstrate confidence. What good is an officer who knows what must be done, but cannot effectively stand in front of his soldiers and tell them what needs to be done? As an officer in the Army, there will be numerous times where you will need to speak to groups of soldiers of varying sizes. Whether it’s something as simple as giving a safety brief, or something more important such as a mission briefing, you will need to have confidence in yourself in order to accomplish this. A USMA cadet should also have integrity, which happens to be one of the seven army values as well. I define integrity as doing the right thing, even when you think no one is watching. Lacking integrity in the civilian world is one thing, however in the military it is incredibly more dangerous as it could result in the death of fellow soldiers or even yourself. For example if you’re on guard for the night and decide that you would rather catch up on your sleep, you are endangering yourself along with all your battle buddies. A successful Army officer is also going to benefit from having a willingness to learn. Although West Point will have done it’s very best to prepare you for the duties of an officer, there is only so much you can learn from a classroom environment. While a brand new 2nd Lieutenant Platoon Leader may outrank a Sergeant First Class, there is still a vast amount of knowledge that the new Lieutenant can pick up from that E7. In my short time in the Army I have noticed that the young Lieutenants are almost always willing to take advice from their senior noncommissioned officers. Another important quality in an Army officer is bravery. Even if you are not serving in a combat MOS, you never know when you will be required to be brave You also need to have the courage to stand up for what you believe in, and for what you know to be right. Another quality that will keep your soldiers on your side is loyalty. If you can’t stay loyal to your soldiers, they will not have as much motivation to stay loyal to you. That also ties into the obvious loyalty to your country that is required of any military member. There are so many integral qualities and morals that are required of an officer in the Army. Unfortunately I am restricted with the length of this essay, but I have tried to highlight what I believe to be some of the most important values that should be deep inside all officers. Without values and morals your character will most likely be lacking and who would want to follow you at that point?

Nursing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 3

Nursing - Essay Example Scientists have derived many ways to treat such a cancer and the first one involves surgical removal for example lumpectomy- removal of the tumor mass only and a mastectomy- excision of the mass as well as the tissue in the periphery. Then there is also the method of radiation therapy, chemotherapy, hormone therapy and the last but not least biological therapy. Cervical cancer is another type of cancer that is prominent among the female gender especially in the developing continents targeting mostly those who are in the age group of 40- 50 years. Unfortunately, this type of cancer can be confirmed only after a Pap smear though the good thing is that if it had been detected during the initial stage, it could be treated. Another gynecological type of cancer is the ovarian tumors. These occupy the first common malignancy among US citizens. The signs and symptoms are mainly vaginal bleeding, pain in back and lower abdomen, vomiting, nausea and loss of weight. The treatment comprises of chemotherapy, thermal therapy and sometimes even hysterectomy. The main side effects are that the patients have a very low immune system and this implies that they are more exposed to infections and other diseases and are physically weak after the chemotherapy. They are given doses of Interferon alpha and also Leukine following the therapy as well as immune system boosters. Contraceptive methods are means of preventing unwanted pregnancy as well as assuring a maximal level of safety. Starting from the most promising way, the major position will be the regular kind of condom which reassures both against STD and pregnancy but provides no guarantee. The next one is the hormonal pills which arevery effective if used in the proper way and the side effect is basically nausea, headache and weight gain. There is also the intra-uterine device which is now adopted by many women who find taking pills difficult have the major disadvantage

Build strategy Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Build strategy - Assignment Example Several strategies can be undertaken by this institution to solve this challenge of staff shortages. Importance of building a strategy Strategic planning is vital to any business in order to realize success. A strategic plan incorporates the mission, vision, and creative thinking. It mainly gives a description of the where the company is headed to by giving the details of achieving it. Strategic plans are the expressions of the visions and dreams of successful outcomes (Kaplan & Norton, 2008). It serves as the design of how a company can achieve its strategic objectives. Strategic planning can be focused on the whole organization or a department (Williams, 2006). For a hospital such as Milton Keynes, the strategy of solving the problem of understaffing will be focused on the entre institution. Objective The objective of this assignment is to build a strategy that can be implemented by Milton Keynes hospital in order to solve the issues related to understaffing. The strategy that will be developed will help the organization solve its immediate staffing problems and ensure that it is sustainable in the long-run. The strategy must put into consideration the implications of the implementation on the hospital. Such implications include: effect on patient care, increased costs and the ability of the institution to meet nursing needs in the future. Description of the problem The problem of understaffing in hospitals in the United Kingdom is rampant with the nation hospital services naming 26 healthcare institutions as operating below the safe staffing levels. This problem is further highlighted by the failure of sixteen percent of these institutions to come up to the required levels (Swayne et al, 2008). One of the main contributions of those staffing shortages especially in the nursing profession is due to the aging of the nursing population and the unwillingness of the younger generation to join the nursing profession. Despite in increase of foreign-born professiona ls in the medical profession, this group cannot meet the rising demand for medical care. The demand for higher pay, a weakening economy and increased medical demand is straining the thin available labor force (Mireille, 2007). Analysis of the problem Difficulties associated with understaffing are worsened by changes in medical care for example novel medical technologies and a reducing average stay in hospital that have contributed to increase in the level of care demanded by patients while they are in medical institutions. Novel medical technologies facilitate less seriously sick patients to receive medical care in out patient environments instead of inpatient environments. Furthermore, patients who would have spent the early days of recovery in hospitals are being released to nursing institutions or to their homes. The result of these changes in hospitals is that healthcare institutions are experiencing an influx of more patients who require more care. Staffing of healthcare instit utions is an issue of concern because of its effects on quality of care and patient safety (Greener, 2009). Sensitive outcomes, especially those attributable to nursing are one signs of quality of care. It can be defined as the changeable patient or caregiver situation, condition or

Government borrowing, government budgets and fiscal policy impact Assignment

Government borrowing, government budgets and fiscal policy impact - Assignment Example 2. The government often increases its spending to expand an economy. In this situation, the actual deficit for the year is less than the forecasted amount. This shows that the government spending was less than expected; however, the revenue was more than the forecasted value. This indicates a surplus in the budget, and this implies faster economic growth. Yes, this is a problem in trying to balance the budget as the forecasted amounts vary widely with the actual expenditure and revenues. 3. Poor economic growth resulting in things such as unemployment could be caused by contraction of the country’s economy this can be corrected by the putting an expansionary fiscal policy in place. This system enables the government to increase the amount of money being transmitted in the country by cutting on state taxes, increasing the amount of government expenditure while the central bank is regulating by increasing the amount of money being supplied in the country. This helps in increasing production while creating more jobs. Expansion of a business cycle creates inflation in the country. A contractionary fiscal policy seeks to attend to this problem by trying to decrease the amount of money spent by the government while increasing the amount of interest rates on loans offered as to discourage people from borrowing hence reducing the amount of money in supply in the country. 4. Crowding out effect is whereby there is shrinkage in the private sector economy due to an apparent increase in government interest rates. There will be a less crowding out effect if the government spending is reduced as this will see a decrease in interest rates and higher investments in the private sector. 5. When Marginal taxes are cut off by the government, people tend to spend more on buying of products as they seem to have more money to spend. While they spend more on marketing, the government tends to collect more money from

Green mile Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Green mile - Essay Example We can also see in the process of the film that this man is too kind and sincere and he often cries. The director of the film provides the viewers of the film that Paul is able to heal the dying mouse and help Paul to deal with his urinary infection. John is not pride of his power and he just takes it for granted. There is something enchanting about this film, when the viewers are attracted by watching the most important things and facial expressions of the main characters of the film. There is a deep and profound friendship bounds between the old man and Paul. We can see that Paul is a sympathizing person and that he is able to feel sympathy towards those prisoners, who are going along their final paths in their lives. The director of the film impresses the audience by using different angles of camera. Coffeys image is shown from different perspectives. There is a clear intention of the director of the film to show Coffeys appearance from different perspectives. I do not know why, but the director managed to show the character of John Coffey as a tender person. Coffey underlines that he is able to react to his spiritual abilities to heal someone and his face reflects all his inner emotions and feelings. At this moment the director employs the camera zoom. The usage of flashbacks makes the viewers think about their lives as profoundly, as the main characters of the film do. Coffey holds two girls in his arms and we can see sincere feelings of a black man, holding small girls in his arms. The dogs are barking and the girls are crying, but the director intends to position this flashback as an evidence of Coffeys innocence. The process of Edgecombes healing by Coffey is depicted in a magical manner by the director. In such a way, he wants to show the viewers that Coffey is an extraordinary person and he should not be blamed for raping or murdering the two small girls. We can claim that realism

Report Business Strategy Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Report Business Strategy - Assignment Example The company has good knowledge pertaining to its competitors. The company fully understands the demands of its customers and therefore it fulfills them accordingly. It possesses good ability of predicting the changing market trends and has successfully applied its strategic skills. The company is considered as strategic leader within its industry and enjoys a competitive workforce. There is a culture of learning attitude in the company which has become a part of its employees’ personalities as well. Abu Dhabi Airport Company has a willingness to adopt change whenever required. The ability of the company to identify new opportunities has led to increase in the profitability of the company for past several years. Its risk taking ability is also appreciable. The company is highly innovative and believes in utilizing the best possible technological advancements. Strategic activities include developing new products and services, reviewing the performance of stakeholders, reviewing the performance of company etc. According to the survey, Abu Dhabi Airport Company is frequently involved in the development process of new products and services. However, it is not much involved in the public relation campaigns and has been marked as average in this category. Abu Dhabi Airport Company strictly examines the performance of its distribution channels as well as it suppliers. It frequently formulates marketing strategies whenever required and also frequently examines the level of customer satisfaction. The pricing strategies are also reviewed by the company more frequently and in this manner, its response time is adequate. The business objectives are strongly driven by the customer satisfaction. The company frequently monitors the alignment in serving the customers and level of commitment. The business model of Abu Dhabi Airport Company, also allows the company to freely communicate all the pleasant and unpleasant experiences

Robert Gagne's Conditions of Learning Research Paper

Robert Gagne's Conditions of Learning - Research Paper Example Learning can take place anywhere and at any time and anyone can be the benefactor of the said learning experience. In this essay, attention will be focused on the learning conditions of Robert Gagne who is famous for writing a lovely piece of literature called the Conditions of learning (Conditions of Learning (R. Gagne), 2012).   This piece of literature is an educational piece of writing that is also composed of psychological meanings and importance. By analyzing the literature, it can be seen that Robert was of the assumption that in learning, there are different types of learning that do exist and they are totally different. Some people might look at the definition of learning and see that learning is the amassing of facts that is sometimes are different while at other times are the same type of knowledge. In the journal, there are different types and levels of learning that bring about the accumulation of knowledge. From the journal, it is hard not to view Gagne as an individu al with the need for perfection (Conditions of Learning (R. ... Again from the journal, Gagne identifies that for each category, there is the need for certain conditions, both internal and external which differ from each other that is needed in order to have a meaningful learning experience (Conditions of Learning (R. Gagne), 2012).   At such a point, it is not hard to figure out where Gagne is heading. From his journal, it is safe to assume that for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction in that for certain categories of learning to proceed as planned like say cognitive strategies, there has to be a certain gap in which one can practice the development of new solutions that will solve certain problems. There has to be a chance in which one can learn new attitudes of coping with learning and how to find their way around problems. While taking a look at learning in general, it is assumed that in whichever way that an individual gets the knowledge, it has fulfilled its part. From Gagne’s point of view which many might find i nteresting; learning occurs best when a certain number of tasks are done in a well organized and efficient manner (Conditions of Learning (R. Gagne), 2012).   From the journal, there are certain things that cause the concentration of an individual to be at its best. Such things are influenced by stimulus, response generation, following of procedure, the use of certain terminologies, certain discriminatory ways, and formation of concepts, application of a said or written rule and the general idea of solving problems. When the things concerning learning are placed in an orderly manner, in that they are arranged in a hierarchical way, they give rise to the much needed knowledge of how information is accumulated. The main work of the system of hierarchy

Reason of study Personal Statement Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Reason of study - Personal Statement Example Tuition and salaries were paid in cash. While working in the human resources department, I had to do everything handwritten and my first priority was to shift toward more productive methods so that the company could grow. I created methods for computerizing the operations and helped update the company to where it was digitized and, therefore, more up-to-date. I was on a mission for finding effective solutions because at the rate the company was going, there was no growth and no incentive for teachers to stay employed there. I faced a lot of resistance from staff members but after a year, I finally was able to achieve credibility which allowed me to implement many other systems that became helpful. I am most interested in MCPHS because of personal reasons having a brother who was born being extremely weak. I was in high school and he seemed to be slipping away from us every day. After finally being diagnosed, he had numerous surgeries and the doctors were telling our family each different theories of treatment. The doctors did not collaborate on his diagnosis and my brother’s health continued to fail. I know he was not the only victim of poor management and communication. There was no steady system in my country for hospitals and health care. Though doctors were qualified, care lacked. My parents traveled to the United States for him to receive treatment and were told he needed constant care. Knowing how my brother suffered, I also volunteered throughout the last semester of my fourth year at the children’s cancer ward in Prince Sultan Center. When I graduated from college and started to work, that was when I started to further understand the problems in manageme nt departments that focus on policy and regulation. It was then that I decided to specialize in the field of Regulatory Affairs and Health Policy (RAHP ). It is exactly what I am looking for in order to help others find what they need for health care purposes.

Wildlife Tourism and Environmental Impacts Research Paper

Wildlife Tourism and Environmental Impacts - Research Paper Example Inasmuch as wildlife tourism provides opportunities for wildlife protection, it also creates negative impacts on the environment. This paper shall discuss wildlife tourism and its environmental impacts. It shall review various research materials on wildlife tourism, summarising the main issues on this topic and the general impacts on related activities which pertain to wildlife tourism. The United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP, 2006) discusses that wildlife tourism is related to wildlife watch, mostly those of large mammals or flocks of birds; however, all types of animals are also included in this type of tourism. Wildlife watching is set apart from hunting and fishing and is confined to observations on animals; interactions in some cases are also seen, including the touching and feeding of these animals (UNEP, 2006). Wildlife tourism has grown significantly in recent years and it has evolved in its features to include other optional activities which tourists can choose to include in their package (UNEP, 2006). In some instances, wildlife tourism also includes hunting or fishing and in some instances viewing animals in zoos and confined parks (UNEP, 2006). This paper shall include both wildlife watching and wildlife tourism (with hunting and fishing) and the term wildlife tourism shall include wildlife watching. In the study by Roe, Leader-Williams, and Dalal-Clayton (1997), the authors discuss that wildlife tourism is usually associated with wildlife management and economic enterprises which support conservation, most especially in developing nations. The proliferation of other forms of tourism has occurred alongside the increased recognition of the need to secure sustainable development and ecotourism has been considered as a stable means of implementing sustainability (Roe, et.al., 1997).

Islam and Women Essay Example for Free

Islam and Women Essay If a woman is married and her husband is niggardly, the wife has the right to take of her husband’s property without his consent, to satisfy her own and her family’s reasonable needs. Also, if a woman was comfortably maintained as a daughter, then as a wife, she is entitled to the same economic standard of living if her husband can afford it. Employment Islam gives the woman the same work rights as men, so long as her important role as a mother and a wife is not neglected. The sacred role of a wife and mother is paramount and indispensable to society. Without her, the future generation would lack the healthy moral conscience that is needed for the success and stability of any individual and community. Professionalism, hard work, and loving commitment are the natural skills that a woman as a mother, imparts. However, Muslim women are free to pursue employment if they are able to, and with the agreement of their husbands if married. History is witness to Muslim women’s contribution to civilisation in various professions such as teaching, medicine and other fields. Inheritance Islam gives the woman the right of inheritance whereas in some cultures, women were considered themselves objects to be inherited! The woman is allotted a share of inheritance and this is hers to retain and manage no one can lay any claim to it, including her father or her husband. Allah says: â€Å"Unto men [of the family] belongs a share of that which parents and near kindred leave, and unto women a share of that which parents and near kindred leave, whether it be a little or much a determined share. † (Ouran 4:7) Generally, (but not always), her share is one half the man’s share. The woman is her own â€Å"manageress† in Islam; in discharging her responsibilities, she fully enjoys the fringe benefits that her position offers while her independent decisions and duties are accountable to Allah. Indeed, throughout history, the integrity, chastity and maternal role of Muslim women has attracted admiration from even the most impartial observers. For it is only Islam that covers the woman with the robe of modesty and crowns her with the bonnet of purity, providing her with the unique opportunity to contribute comfortably to society. What Grace and Mercy the Beneficent showers upon the woman! For every joy experienced and every effort made, willingly and lovingly on the Path of Allah’s Pleasure, the woman, just as the man, receives the same good-tidings of the happiness and delights, that are ever-flowing from Allah. â€Å"Whoever works righteousness, man or woman, and has faith, verily to him We will give a new life, a life that is good and pure and We will bestow on such, reward according to the best of their actions. † (Qur’an 16:97)

Sleep is a facilitator of information processing

Sleep is a facilitator of information processing The human body and mind are constantly subjected to stressors and new stimuli during the course of a day. Sleeping is crucial for coping with such as it nourishes the bodies need for physiological rest and repair after such stress, and also simultaneously facilitates crucial information processing in the mind. In fact, sleep is one of the most essential functions of the human body. The unconscious information processing that takes place during sleep plays a significant role in cognitive information processes such as memory and learning. Essentially, during sleep the mind integrates new information acquired during the previous day into memory and processes it by making necessary connections. The culmination point of these unconscious information processes seems to be in rapid eye movement sleep (REM-sleep) as brain activity is at its height during this phase of sleep. The activation during REM-sleep resembles that of a conscious state. Also, sleep research has shown that the majority of complex dreaming occurs during REM-sleep (Revonsuo, 1996, 277). However, the exact function of dreams is unknown. Even so, dreams are often a repetition of influential experiences and feelings from the previous day and therefore seem to be linked to information processing that takes place (Partinen, 2007, 18). Consequently, it would seem safe to conclude that REM-sleep has some role in unconscious information processing. Yet, there is a great amount of controversy within the scientific and psychological community regarding the role of REM-sleep in cognitive information processing. One view suggests that REM-sleep is merely a mechanism used by the brain to assist in recovery from sleep by retaining necessary activation levels in the central nervous system (Vertes, 2000, 876), whereas others find that REM-sleep is clearly connected to information processes such as learning, threat-response and problem solving. Hence, the focus of this essay is to investigate the relationship between REM-sleep and cognitive information processes. The research question of this essay is: To what extent does REM-sleep entail cognitive information processing? 1.1 Phases of sleep Sleep can be divided into REM-sleep and four phases of non-REM sleep (NREM). The first and second phases of NREM are the closest to a fully awake state, and the third and the fourth phases are the least conscious phases of deep sleep. It is hypothesised that NREM-sleep is in fact the restoring phase of sleep as metabolism is comparatively low in NREM-sleep in comparison to a conscious state (Revonsuo, 1996, 277). Interestingly, there is relatively little brain activation in NREM-sleep, actually sleep research has shown that there are often only simple dreamlike experiences in NREM-sleep and sometimes more complicated dream experiences. In fact, over half of the participants in dream researches, awoken in the deepest phases of NREM-sleep do not recall any dreams. Moreover, in between these phases of NREM-sleep there are several phases of REM-sleep. Brain activation in these phases resembles that of a conscious state i.e. high frequency beta and gamma waves similar to those found in a conscious state of mind are visible in EEG scans of sleep research participants during REM-phase sleep. Furthermore, participants woken from REM-sleep almost always recall event rich dreams (Revonsuo, 1996, 277). However, sleep research can only reach so far in terms of understanding the processing that takes place in sleep. Data is usually obtained through either physiological measurements or dream journals (Hobs on, 2002, 7). This significantly affects the depth of the scientific understanding that can be gained. As physiological measurements tend to be quite superficial, whereas journals are often either incomplete or lacking in objectivity. In any case, there seems to be a large amount of information processing that takes place unconsciously. The difference between NREM-sleep and REM-sleep can be attributed to the type of information processing that takes place. It is thought that NREM-sleep involves relatively passive encoding of memories from the hippocampus to long-term memory. On the contrary, REM-sleep is thought to involve processing of procedural and emotional memory, which shows in dream content and vibrancy (Partinen, 2007, 40). It might be the case that dreams are not present at all in deeper NREM-sleep as the brain activity is relatively low. Information processing Cognitive psychology focuses on understanding the how the mind processes information. Behaviourism Cognitive psychology is concerned with information processes in the mind such as memory, learning, problem solving, and perception (Bourne, 1986, 30). Even so, cognitive psychologists have only recently have come to accept the importance of unconscious processes, namely the importance of sleep time unconscious processes for cognitive information processing (Shevrin, 1996, 2). In reality, cognitive information processing takes a relatively long time. Essentially, for any new information to have an effect on the human mind the information needs to first be perceived by the sensory system; eyes, ears, or the skin. Some type of change has to be first registered and only then can any further information processing take place. This further processing can happen immediately, but it is more often than not the case that the stimulus is gone before any conclusions can be drawn (Bourne, 1986, 12). Therefore, memory plays a key role in information processing as we often have to rely on it to draw any conclusions. The multi-store memory model suggested by Atkinson and Shiffrin in 1968 gives a relatively accurate model of cognitive information processing. It suggests that memory can be split into three phases sensory, short-term memory, and long-term-memory. Information moves between the different types of memory through rehearsal and retrieval. However, the model has been subjected to critique over being too simplistic in terms of transfer between the different types of memory. In fact, the model relies solely on rehearsal as a means of transfer ignoring the importance of effort and strategies used by an individual (Hill, 2001, 106). In particular, the multi-store memory model works on the principal that information is processed as it is given attention to. Naturally, as new stimulus are constantly entering the mind and the sensory organs, while in a conscious state of mind, the mind can only give attention to so many things and is often preoccupied in the processing and storing of new more prominent information. Therefore, it would seem logical that as there is little time during the conscious period to process all the information entering the brain during the day, that is most information processing actually happens during some other time, namely during sleep. Theories of dream function Dream research is essential to the study of sleep time unconscious information processes as it provides a view into any processing that takes place during sleep. However, the exact function of dreams is difficult to determine. Some psychologists and the general public alike would like to think that dreams are meaningful in themselves. Conversely, the activation synthesis dream hypothesis suggests that dreams might just be derivatives of the neuron activation during sleep (Hobson, 2002, 71). Either way dreams appear to be of significance in terms of study of REM-sleep information processing, since dream-experiences are most common in REM-sleep (Revonsuo, 1996, 277). The psychoanalytic level of analysis is largely based around Freuds theory of personality and dream theory. The primary theory on dream function presented by Freud was that of wish fulfilment i.e. dreams are disguised expressions of unconscious desires and impulses (Tulonen, 2008, 56). However, Freuds theory is largely without empirical evidence as it is based on case studies that he conducted himself, in spite of this, his theory seems to suggest that dreams have a meaningful content and therefore there is some type of information processing that occurs during sleep. However, perhaps the most widely accepted theory is the reprogramming dream theory. The proposal made is that dreams are necessary for the brain to process new information and make necessary connections. The brain also works to remove any excess unnecessary information from memory during dreams (Tulonen, 2008, 55). This theory also supports the idea that there is information processing during sleep and more specifically during the REM-phase of sleep. Information processing during REM-sleep Learning processes in REM-sleep Learning is undoubtedly one of the most important cognitive information processes as it entails a number of other information processes e.g. perception, problem solving, and memory. Learning can take place through a number of pathways and constitute anything from a simple learned motor function to understanding of abstract scientific concepts. Therefore, a distinction should be made between repetitive learned motor function and information that is consciously and deliberately learned, understood, and stored in memory i.e. factual or semantic information. That is, procedural and declarative memory respectively. More in depth, learning is a compilation of different cognitive processes i.e. perception, memory, and problem solving. There are a number of models that conceptualise the learning process. For instance, David Kolbs experiential learning model identifies four stages of the learning cycle: concrete experimentation, reflection, abstract conceptualisation, and active experimentation. Concrete- and active experimentation involve learning from experience, whereas reflection and abstract conceptualisation involve inferring based on memory of past experience (Kolb in Sternberg, 2000, 227). The reprogramming theory of sleep suggests that different phases of sleep are of central importance for processing and interconnecting of memories i.e. reflection and abstract conceptualisation, and therefore achieving learning (Tulonen, 2008, 55). 2.1.1 Early brain development REM-sleep information processing is central to learning and development from the very onset of brain activity in a foetus. The human foetus spends around 16 hours a day in rapid-eye movement sleep. This is necessary for brain growth as REM-sleep involves high brain activity and continuous neuron stimulation creating new links in the cortex (Hobson, 2002, 76). Furthermore, a similar phenomenon is also present after birth, that is, the amount of REM sleep for an infant is unusually large; around 8 hours whereas by adulthood this declines to at most 2 hours per night (Partinen, 2007, 43). Majid Mirmiran conducted an experiment on the functional significance of REM-sleep in relation to infant rat development, which showed how essential REM-sleep is for early development. In the study infant rats were deprived of REM-sleep by interfering with monoamines in the brain from 1 week of age to 3 weeks of age. The rats were then tested as adults and compared with normal rats. Unsurprisingly the rats were severely affected and the findings showed that the deprived rats had hyperactivity, hyperanxiety, attentional distractability, reduced sexual performance, and reduced cerebral cortical size in comparison to control rats (Mirmiran, 1986, 283). Without a doubt the findings are limited in how much they can be generalized to human infants and foetuses. However, the same research could not have been carried out on human infants without raising serious ethical issues. In any case, the research clearly exemplifies the importance of REM-sleep for brain development in early life of a m ammal. 2.1.2 Memory consolidation Not only is REM-sleep necessary for infant development and learning, but its also essential in learning new skills regardless of age. For instance, visual recognition of different objects is a process that is learned from very early on in life. The importance of REM-sleep for forming procedural memories necessary for learning a visual recognition task is illustrated by a study conducted by Karni et al. on sleep deprivation. The study showed that performance in a given visual discrimination task improved significantly over a single night of sleep, whereas when participants were selectively deprived REM-sleep there was no significant performance gain. Moreover, when participants were deprived of NREM-sleep the performance gain remained unaffected (Karni, 1994, 679). The reliability of Karnis study is relatively high as it demonstrates that the given task is unaffected by NREM deprivation and will improve over a single nights sleep, whereas other studies are not as clear and may have been affected by the stressfulness of the sleep deprivation procedure. Furthermore, Stickgold et al. attained similar results in a more recent study on visual discrimination and REM-deprivation (Stickgold, 2000, 1237). In any case, sleep deprivation is a very stressful procedure and has a great impact on the validity of any research. However, REM-sleep seems to be clearly important for developing of procedural memory. The significance of REM-sleep for developing procedural memory and visual recognition skills may be one reason for unusually large amounts of REM-sleep in infancy. It may even be the case that without REM-sleep an infant may be unable to develop a consciousness and perceptual and motor skills. However, currently there is little evidence available for su ch. Conversely, there are several researches that refute the role of REM-sleep in procedural memory consolidation. For instance, a recent research conducted by Genzel et al. on REM-sleep and slow-wave NREM-sleep deprivation showed that neither procedural memory nor declarative memory seems to be affected by REM-sleep or deep NREM-sleep awakenings. However, the task used to test procedural memory was a motor task requiring finger tapping, whereas declarative memory was tested by recall of word lists. It may be possible that different types of memory are processed in different phases of sleeps. In fact, the conclusion reached by the researchers is that declarative memory consolidation takes place in stage two NREM-sleep and that simple motor tasks are processed in stage two NREM-sleep or require very little REM-sleep (Genzel, 2009, 302-304). However, the sample size was relatively small in this research (n=12) so further research is necessary to establish any firm conclusions on declarativ e memory consolidation. The role of sleep in declarative memory consolidation was first demonstrated by Jenkins and Dallenbach (1924). The participants of the experiment were asked to learn non-sense syllable lists after which they either went to sleep or continued awake. Recall was then tested at one hour intervals. When the results for the sleeping condition were compared with the waking condition it was found that after eight hours; 6 times more non-sense syllables were remembered in the sleeping condition (Jenkins in Bourne, 1986, 104). However, the sample consisted of only two participants so the findings are very limited in how much they can be generalised. Nevertheless, further research into the area has shown that at least some consolidation of declarative memories takes place in sleep, namely in phase slow wave NREM-sleep (Stickgold, 2005, 1275). However, REM-sleep seems to be of little importance to declarative memory consolidation. Cohen even (1979) went as far as to claim that the dreaming that takes place in REM-sleep interferes with memory consolidation (Cohen in Bourne, 1986, 105). However, the sleep phase in which memories are consolidated does not only depend on the type of memory i.e. declarative or procedural, but also it seems to be dependent on emotional content. As mentioned earlier, REM-sleep seems to be related to processing of emotional memories (Partinen, 2007, 40). That is, if a memory has emotional context then it is likely that it is processed in REM-sleep. For example, a study conducted by Wagner et al. gave clear empirical support for processing of emotional declarative memories in REM-sleep. The study showed that retention of emotional texts was significantly improved in comparison neutral texts over a period of late-night sleep. Similar effects were not found in early-night sleep, which consists mainly of NREM-sleep, whereas, in late night-sleep REM is predominant. In fact, earlier studies have shown that REM-sleep shows increased activation of the amygdala, which is associated with processing of emotional memories (Wagner, 2001, 112-113). Wha ts more, is that the study avoids adverse effects of deprivation and is therefore more reliable than studies conducted using sleep deprivation. In other words, REM-sleep is of some importance in terms of processing of emotional content even though other studies have shown that REM-sleep is not significantly involved in consolidation of non-emotional declarative memories. Creative problem solving in REM-sleep Problem solving in relation to REM-sleep, anagram problem solving Walker MP, Liston C, Hobson JA, Stickgold R. (2002). http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/06/090608182421.htm creative problem solving enhanced by REM Dreams as information processing vessels Dreams are often considered to be deficient of cognitive activity; however, several studies have shown that this is not necessarily true. The threat simulation dream theory presented by Antti Revonsuo suggests that evolutionary success depends on successful threat response, which is rehearsed in the relative safety of dreams. Revonsuo suggests that the mind actively generates dreams, which are comprised of threatening events in different combinations. These dreams are often repeated over several nights in order to develop and maintain threat response capabilities (Revonsuo, 2000, 482). Empirical support for the threat simulation dream theory comes from dream content analysis studies. For instance, a study conducted by Valli et al. found that threatening events are overrepresented in dreams in comparison to actual number of threatening events experienced when awake. Also, the events experienced in dreams were often very realistic and focused on to the dream self i.e. the self is often actively engaged in combating these threatening events in the dreams (Valli, 2000, 491). Clearly, if dreams are merely a repercussion of neuron activation during REM-sleep, as suggested by the activation-synthesis hypothesis, then its quite likely that dream content would be disorganized and incoherent. Conversely, Vallis content analysis suggests that the mind actively engages in coherent rehearsal of threat response. However, the study was conducted by a dream journal method, where the participants record their own dreams after a night of sleep. This raises questions of validity and objectivity. Even so, the study not only indicates that there is clear support for Revonsuos threat simulation theory, but it also indicates that the mind processes information through dreams in REM-sleep. Furthermore, there is evidence that during dreams the mind engages actively engages in self-reflection i.e. becomes aware of ones own thoughts and actions. Research has shown this to be beneficial to mental health. For example, recently Kontkanen showed that dreaming is helpful in trauma coping for children. Kontkanen conducted a dream content analysis on traumatised Palestinian children aged 5-17 and children, of the same age, living in normal conditions. High levels of self-reflection and self-awareness were found to be beneficial to the mental health of the traumatised Palestinian children. In the control group high levels of self-reflection in dreams were found to be dysfunctional. However, several individual with high levels of self-reflection in the control group, conversely, showed symptoms of poor mental health. Consequently, Kontkanen suggests that self-reflection processing in dreams should increase and diminish according to need in order to maintain good mental health (Kon tkanen, 2000, 523-524). Surely, the dream journal method used in the study has its limitations and there is also doubt whether results gathered from children can be generalised to adults as such processing might also be attributed to development. Nevertheless, the study points at the necessity of dreams in cognitive information processing and mental health. Conclusions Draw conclusions based on presented evidence, on how necessary is REM-sleep for cognitive information processing.

Principles of first mover and late mover theory

Principles of first mover and late mover theory When companies need to decide whether to go ahead with a brand new un-marketed product and create it or review a similar product already in markets from other companies, they adopt the principle of the first-mover theory or the late-mover theory to make their decision. First Mover Theory Late Mover Theory: A Comparison Introduction Companies across the country are consistently being faced with tough decisions regarding business moves to make that will launch them forward in a new competitive market. There are two types of marketing strategies that companies look into when they want to diversify into a different product market. The first approach is called the first mover theory and the second is called the late mover theory. Both of these strategies have strengths and weaknesses that can either solidify or act as a detriment to the companys entry into the market. First Mover Theory Advantages The potential advantages of the first mover theory are numerous. For one, the corporation has the ability to attain exclusive company-product association. It can also find success through the effects of networking and see a rise in consumption as demand grows. First mover theory can help the company determine economies of scale and it can also lock the consumers up into the market, creating an exclusive customer base before additional competition enters. Several examples of success of this first mover theory are three products by the same manufacturer. The first was the Apple Ipod, Apple Iphone and Apple Ipad. Also included in this success story is E-Bay, the first to bring buying and selling into an online auction forum. First Mover Theory Disadvantages There are potentially just as many risks or disadvantages to this theory as well, and they must be taken in consideration before evaluating whether the company can afford to launch. One fallback is that this method does not always ensure long-term profits. Another risk is that competition has time to analyze market trends for the first product and capitalize on its weaknesses to strengthen response to their own product. Competitors can also specifically tailor the new product to consumer wants based on demographic surveys. The biggest risk of all is uncertainty of the market and whether or not the product will even be a success in the first place. Some examples of companies who suffered at the expense of corporations who capitalized on the late mover theory include Chux Diapers, who were surpassed by Proctor and Gambles Pampers. America Online is another company who fell by the wayside after taking a completely different spin on internet browsing. Other examples include web browsers such as Viola, who even pre-dated America Online. Most recently to succumb to the late mover theory was MySpace, recently surpassed in the social networking arena by Facebook. Late Mover Theory Advantages Like the first mover theory, there are many advantages of the late mover theory. By implementing this strategy, one advantage the company has is the ability to perfect the product before putting it on the market. The companies can also use demographic surveys to help them know how to tailor their product to their audience, which can maximize sale of the product. In addition, the late mover theory can also use its knowledge of the product to reduce production cost, making it more cost effective for the consumer. Also, it can market and develop the product to appeal to a wider array of consumers than that for which the original product was designed. There are a lot of prime examples of companies who have seen success by implementing the late mover theory. Some include Gillette, Facebook, Pampers disposable diapers, and Internet Explorer. All of these corporations have capitalized on companies who took the initial risk of implementing the first mover theory. Late Mover Theory Disadvantages As with anything, there are also potential risks and disadvantages. Because it is a late-comer into the market, it does not have established brand association. If proper research into the market is not done, it can also be attempting to capitalize on a dying product in general. A significant risk of late mover theory is creating a product that can potentially alienate customers if added features are superfluous rather than necessary. Late mover theory can also prove to be detrimental if timing into the market is not done correctly which can cause the product to suffer from the problem of uncertain necessity. Some of the companies who failed by this policy were Hummer, and their attempt to capitalize on what they did not realize was the dying trend of suburban utility vehicles. Two dichotomies, Pepsi Cola and Nestle Crunch are examples of both the success and failure of late mover theory. While they continue to do well on the market, neither Pepsi Cola nor Nestle Crunch has outperformed sales or the brand association that Coca Cola and Hersheys Chocolate bar have developed within their customer base. The same can be seen in the case of McDonalds vs. Rallys. Conclusions While late mover theory, by history, seems to be a safer method to guarantee profit success, it does not have the benefit of brand association that first mover theory establishes for the company. If the corporation eventually hopes to create brand loyalty and increase their revenue in that manner, first mover theory may genuinely be the key to success. However, if the companys goal is to be come a competitive organization in the consumer market and capitalize on different trends with instant revenue gratification, then late mover theory might be more beneficial. The final decision is contingent upon assessing the target demographic and results goal that the company is striving to achieve.

A Students’ Involvement Encourages Good Grades :: Research Statistics Essays

A Students’ Involvement Encourages Good Grades The Purpose of this Report The purpose of this report is to illustrate that teens that are involved in extra-curricular activities generally get higher grades than those who are not involved in activities. Some of the research for this report was acquired through the Internet and some of it was obtained through surveys of 120 high school students, grades ten through twelve (see Appendix A). All of the sources that talked about this subject suggested that there is a strong positive correlation between extra-curricular activities and good grades. Although some students are different, this has proven true in the general classroom as well as in a high school talented and gifted class, a high school English class, and a high school art class. The main reason that this correlation exists is because of organization skills, parents’ involvement, and the need these students have to excel. Results in the General Classroom It used to be believed by experts that one should study and not play. This is no longer the case, according to Mr. R. Griffin in his article Helping Athletes Excel in Sports and School (23). He suggests that it is important to encourage both academic and extra-curricular performance. In most instances, involvement in extra-curricular activities leads to better grades. According to the University of Michigan, teens that are involved in activities during high school are more likely than teens that didn’t participate in any organized activities to have higher grades as high school seniors and to still be in college six years later (Swanbrow 1). These results were produced at the University of Michigan by tracking 1,259 sophomores for six years. These results also proved to be true in the three individual classrooms that were surveyed. The classes that were surveyed were students in art, talented and gifted, and English at Southeast Polk high school. The results are shown in the f ollowing three paragraphs. High School Talented and Gifted Class A group of students, grades ten through twelve, in the Talented and Gifted program were surveyed to see if the positive correlation between involvement and grades held true. According to this particular survey, it was shown that ninety-six percent of students were involved in extra-curricular activities. These activities ranged from basketball, wrestling, football, swimming and track to National Honors Society, Bible study, speech, drama, and student council. Out of the ninety-six percent of people involved in activities, the average grade point was 3.

Age-Related Vision Loss and Driver Safety Issues :: Optometry Vision Sight Driving Essays

Age-Related Vision Loss and Driver Safety Issues With dramatic increases in the number of motor vehicles on public roadways in this century, driving safety is an issue that affects every one of us. Most Americans rely on the use of personal motor vehicles as their primary means of transportation, and must put themselves at risk every day. The risk of a motor vehicle accident increases when our perceptive skills are degraded in any way. Such is the case with alcoholic intoxication, impairment from the use of narcotics, and loss of perceptual accuracy due to any biological reason. One of the many issues in current debate with regards to motor vehicle safety is that of the growing numbers of elderly drivers on public roadways and the perceptual problems they may encounter with age. Age-related vision loss is becoming a more prevalent issue in roadway safety. Most states require a simple form of vision testing in order to become a licensed driver. These tests are rapidly being seen as inadequate, and in need of revision. Some state s do not at all require a vision test to become licensed to drive. Currently, the states not requiring vision tests for license renewal include: Alabama, Connecticut, Kentucky, Mississippi, New Jersey, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Tennessee, Vermont, and West Virginia. These states could cut the accident rate in people over age 60 by 12 percent, if they would simply utilize testing procedures (N.S., 1999). In this paper, issues facing the aging driver, and possible solutions to ensure safe roadways for the public as a whole, will be explored. The average driverà ­s age is steadily increasing. Census estimates show that by the year 2020, approximately 50 million people over the age of 65 will be eligible to drive on public roadways (Cobb & Coughlin, 1998). With a significant increase in the number of people likely to be affected by age-related vision loss, society may need to re-evaluate vision standards for license testing. It is standard practice for a motor vehicle bureau to test only visual acuity. This practice does not take into consideration perceptually impairing factors encountered in driving such as glare or fog (Voelker, 1999). The lack of adequate visual testing is commonplace in all states that test vision ability. It has been found however, states that at least test for visual acuity during license renewal have approximately 12 percent less automobile accident deaths among older drivers (Voelker, 1999).

Use of Doubt To Persuade Essay -- Successful Persuasion Essays

Persuasion goes on around us everyday, all the time, on television, on advertisements, even in conversations with friends. Perhaps because of this, much has been written on how to persuade more effectively. Most of this literature is built upon the notion that to persuade is to urge successfully and completely. Going along these lines, certainty and confidence are logical complements to effective persuasion, since we cannot hope to convince others when we are ourselves in doubt. Doubt, therefore, is felt to be at the other end of the spectrum and antithetical to persuasion. But the art of persuasion is a human art, and so it is a living art, which cannot be satisfactorily summed up between the covers of self-improvement guides. In reality, successful persuasion can somewhat deviate from the conventional criteria of certainty; in fact, even doubt can be used to persuade. This exciting possibility appears unlikely from the start, because there is an inherent paradox in the notion that doubt can persuade. This contradiction is even clearer when we consider persuasion in the form of a speech given to a large audience. To be able to hold his own in front of a crowd, the speaker, surely, must be certain of himself and what he wants to say. But there is a possible approach by which orators can round the corner of persuading with doubt, and even make doubt work to their advantage. Given that the doubt is a shared concern of both the speaker and his audience, a candid confession of uncertainty may open new emotional inroads into the audience. By serving as a common denominator and a common challenge to both parties, a shared doubt when brought into the open can direct the combined energies of the listeners towards finding a workable so... ...nd genuine than an outward show of sorrow. In this case, to contrive is to constrict. Doubt as an instinct embedded in persuasion transcends common rhetoric as it moves beyond the rational sphere of intellect into the domain of unbridled emotions. For this reason, and also because it was with an intention to explore persuasion beyond conventional notions that we set out to study the use of doubt in the first place, it is impossible and indeed unnecessary to encapsulate the skill of persuading with doubt within any sort of generalising guidelines. To subject this practice to prescriptive limits is to sever its lifeline-the vital element of spontaneity that moves with circumstances. As Lee lamented, "sometimes, history takes many devious turns"; it was exactly through one such quirk of history that his speech in 1965 achieved such astonishing payoffs ("Press" 9).

Red Bull versus Coca Cola Sport Sponsorship from a Sponsor’s Perspective Essay

Involved in this money is planning the sponsorship deal, carrying it out and last but not least evaluating the whole process and engagement (Hermanns 2003). So according to this the strategic planning process is crucial in order to communicate effectively and achieve the desired outcome. It has become more professional and the amount of money and time spent on this process has increased over the last years. Furthermore, Buhler and Nufer (2010) see mutual understanding, a long-term perspective and trust as important to satisfy the needs of both parties. Hence there are a lot of different perspectives that need to be considered during the strategic planning of a sponsorship deal and different types of strategies can be followed. The comparative case study of Coca-Cola and Red Bull’ sport sponsorship strategy relies on extensive secondary data, from newspaper coverage and official websites from Abstract In 2010, 18. 2 billion US-$ were spent on sponsoring in North America of which 68 per cent are spent on sport sponsoring, by far the leading form of sponsoring (Streng 2010). The area of Sport Sponsorship is immensely important in the sport business. In the major sport leagues sponsorship makes up at least a third of the overall turnover (Ludwig and Schneider 2010). However, the way in which sport sponsorship is dealt with has changed dramatically in recent years. The time where a sponsor just kindly signed a contract to support the local club is gone, especially when it comes to global operating organizations. On the one hand companies are willing to spend more on sport sponsorship. On the other hand they want to gain more in return. In 2010, 63. 7 per cent of the companies have a written strategic and operational planning before starting the sponsorship (Hermanns and Buschner 2010). The question that occurs is therefore how companies strategically plan their sponsorship activities. To respond to this question, this paper analyses the sponsorship strategy of two major sponsors from the beverage industry, Coca Cola and Red Bull. Coca Cola is the best known brand in the world and was one of the first sponsors in sport in the early 20th century. Red Bull is a new company which is highly involved in sport sponsorship. Their approaches however are different. While Coca-Cola is investing huge amounts to sponsors majors events with a global reach, such as the Olympic Games or the FIFA World Cup, Red Bull initially invested in lesser known extreme sports with a very specific target audience. Moreover, contrarily to Coca-Cola, Red Bull does not limit itself to buying sponsorship rights. In most cases, it also took over the control of the sponsee. Red Bull runs competitions in extreme sports, organizes events, and owns its own Formula 1 team and three football clubs (Salzburg, Leipzig and New-york). Red Bull’s strategy, now the fourth biggest sport sponsor in the world, is thus different to other global sponsors. In literature it is argued that implementing and using the gained rights costs the sponsor three times the money that they have spend on both the sponsors and their sponsees. To gain an additional insight, interviews with the sport sponsorship department of both organizations are planned to better apprehend their strategy and see what their plans are/were and what actually was achieves. These interviews will explore their target group(s), reason for this target segment, activities, general understanding of sponsorship, importance of sponsorship within the company etc. Preliminary results show that there are big differences in the sponsorship strategy of Red Bull and Coca Cola. While Coca Cola seems to be a partner of the sponsee, Red Bull is using a more aggressive style of sponsorship. Red Bull tends to take control of the whole situation in order to ensure the success and the direction of the event. The whole Red Bull company has implemented its sponsorship activities. An example is Red Bull TV, the company owned TV channel, which further broadcast the sponsees. Sponsorship is part of the company philosophy and irrigates its whole marketing strategy. The core product and the sponsorship area are closely linked. Though different, these two cases both demonstrate that strategic planning is getting more important in global companies. There are certain patterns which can be found as well as differences which are due to the different approaches and culture of the company. The implications for the future are more professionalism and concentrating on the own culture rather than trying to copy the strategy from another company. Strategies need to be unique and specifically created for the organisation.

Royal Wedding Media Coverage

Example of a spacious media coverage The kinglike marriage ceremony in 2011 Many PR specialists define the Royal Wedding of Kate Middleton and prince William as the PR topic of the year. It is a proof that a well- managed item can resonate for months or point years. It has set the beginning of the reputation build of this new family. As Pagefields founder and ranking(prenominal) partner Mark Gallagher argues, the cause non only promoted the young couple, but likewise gave the monarchy, London and the UK a boost. Before the event, there was an estimated account of 8500 journalists expected to arrive in London from abroad.More than 36 programmeers, such as BBC, Sky News, ABC, NBC, CBS, Al-Jazeera etc. were housed in a special structure, built close to the Westminster Abbey, where the spousal relationship took place. Apart from nearly 2000 guests, 40 broadcast cameras, 12 photographers and 28 reporters from national, international and regional media were expected. More tha n 100 overseas air organizations were transmitting the event. BBC had the biggest broadcasting presence with well-nigh 550 people staff at a cost of ? 2 trillion. The US networks affirm begun their coverage at 3 a. m. n the west coast. 64% of Americans said that they intend that the event has received too oftentimes attention in the media, however 28% of US citizens have admitted that they have followed the espouse very closely. The weddings auditory sense has reached 2 billion people worldwide. harmonize to Google, there are over 162 million web pages mentioning the wedding. It was estimated to bring ? 630 million into the economy. each(prenominal) these facts are a proof that the event has received great, or even ebullient media editorial coverage worldwide and has reached a huge number of people.This has probably rancid it into the TV (PR) event of the century. An example of the number of articles that only CNN has concerning the Royal wedding http//edition. cnn. com/S PECIALS/2011/royal. wedding/ . 1 . http//www. prweek. com/uk/features/1124547/the-power-books-top-5-pr-campaigns-2011/ 2 . http//www. guardian. co. uk/uk/2011/apr/28/royal-wedding-media-tv-audience 3 . http//www. guardian. co. uk/news/datablog/2011/apr/29/royal-wedding-numbers-figures

Hayleys Consumer HR policy

You dont need to get a team policy on every aspect of your organization.Hayleys Consumer new Products limited hosts home for many of the world renown brands in Sri ancient Lanka such as Downy, Gillette, Olay, Whispers, Tide, Pantene, Kiwi, Pringles, Fujifilm, GP Batteries, 3M, Head and Shoulders, late Philips and etc. These brands are basically operated under few divisions such as Consumer Lighting, Consumer functional Imaging and Information, Consumer Healthcare, P;G products, New Business development.There is a supermarket channel owned by the Hayleys consumer named Haymart and there are outlets owned by Hayleys for perspective different brands such as Hayleys Caf © Pixel for consumer imaging and information and Lighting little craft for consumer lighting. Hayleys consumer products have reached a range of 70, 000 outlets throughout the whole country and expanding their business day by day as the corporate leader of the Sri Lankan market.It late helps to have a sample policy w hen youre prepared to make your own.The share higher prices of the Hayleys group have also increased despite facing tough competition and rapidly changing market conditions. Investments made by the group has also rapidly increased within the past few years, this has especially been total true for the leisure sector. 2.Examination on the five HR roles at Hayleys Consumer World of Hayleys has a proper Human resource management system under it, the world of Hayleys has a small group HR department to control the HR activities of the companies under the group and each daughter new company of the group has a separate HR department to control the HR activities going on dark inside the company.

Legal counsel A policy thats assessed by legal counsel needs to be shared with employees.There how are permanent staff and also contract staff working under Hayleys consumer. Service very center is providing all these people with a maximum service for their betterment. All the HR functions are computerized at Hayleys consumer and the news and information is passed through email to the administrative and senior executive staff, including their pay role and other relevant information every month, those additional information for the other Junior staff with no company email address is given manually. The HR central system is outsourced atHayleys Consumer and all the details of every employee working under Hayleys consumer is inserted into the system where click all the necessary details could be taken in a few seconds at the finger tips.Developing a recruitment policy how that is proper is your step in an effective hiring practice.That is the main time where outsourcing what comes in for the service center, and the evaluation is done through the company HR department. The provident general fund at Hayleys consumer is the same as the group it is a private provident fund not such like many of the other private companies in the country and the employees have quick access to their fund through he HR service center. . 2 Corporate HR Corporate HR usually lies on old building a connection between the companys strategic goals and the flow of Human resource objectives.

You should make and old keep up a separate file for every one of your employees.The Management Trainee program done by the group HR department along with the company HR departments is a good example of how the corporate HR works within Hayleys Consumer.Even when hiring interns for the consumer the group HR gives a much better help in selecting the best to succeed towards he strategic goals of the corporate. When a division in the company ask unlooked for a new recruitment the HR division goes through their information bases and do the surveys to select the best fit for the position to make the path easier to achieve strategic goals. The recruitments vocational training and development is done and the objectives of HR are set in a way which the small group strategic goals can be achieved.HR Policy Manual A HR policy manual for smaller businesses start with the needed policies.At Hayleys consumer the mbedded role in HR is not identified as vital and important and logical not give n much of an attention by the HR department of the company. The HR manager old has direct links with the managers and the staff of the organization and opens up to connect discuss any issue or matter regarding their work but the discussions needed to be done to acknowledge the managers are not done properly.Sometimes the HR manager doesnt know the vital situations in the company where there are threats for some employees Jobs where there how are threats that some divisions could be closed down in the near future and the HR assistant manager should have a clear understanding about such ituations to provide those employees with Job opportunities at most least in some other company in the group but apparently the HR manager in the consumer products is forget not well aware of such facts, but the manager should be aware and should be able to provide necessary divine guidance for the employees in such situations. .

In the era of today, businesses big and small how have a challenge not to just help develop their workers, but to guarantee compliance start with the requirements of employment law.2. 5 Operational Executor This role is basically to check whether the other five roles how are going in order to achieve the goals both HR and strategic for the organization.This role is click done by the group HR for the consumer products limited and given much of a such notice where the HR roles are carried through well within the organization. Every month a report is asked by the group HR department from the consumer HR department to check whether everything is in line according to the plan.Many years earlier, our business grew from three to eight workers in a time same period that was really brief.Employees need to be favorable and collaborative.

Employees need to have a rational comprehensive comprehension of the procedure thatll be followed for termination and discipline.Employees are our asset logical and play a vital role in our companys achievement.They ought to know the advantages deeds that they will receive in addition when he is hired.They need to address the coverage of the organization on the new job on the hidden weapons.

Eiichiro Oda

EIICHIRO ODA was natural January 1, 1975 in the urban center of Kumamoto (in the prefecture of Kumamoto). He persistent to engross a pass eon as a a manga mechanic at the while of 4 (because they didnt choose to crap in companies as adults). hostile umpteen callowness who institutionalize up this dream, he un st unrivalled-broken nurturing it as he grew up and at age 17, he genuine a silver medal Honors (jun-nyuusen), the entropy highest watch over obtainable (thats wherefore I translitersated jun, which normally room zep, as silver) from the forty-fourth semi-annual Tezuka Awards (a horizontal surface manga operateman reconnoiter make unwrap co-hosted by the tower lags of hebdomadal parachute and periodical get, this is the deal that m either an(prenominal) former(a) familiar hebdomadally cut through faces, such(prenominal) as Yoshihiro Togashi, Hiroyuki Takei, Daisuke Higuchi, Takeshi Obata, Masanori Morita, Ryu Fujisaki, and purge Masakazu Kat sura got their epic breaks) with his perfectly theme, wanted. His pen-name mainstay indeed was Getsu ka sui moku blood-related do, i. e. moon absquatulate piddle timberland princely humankind, or to a greater extent commonly, Mon Tue draw Thu Fri sit down. ) His offshoot influence as a master was Kami Kara Mirai no wassail (A channel of the proximo from God), publish in the October 1993 unloosen of turn out legitimate (Monthly bound offs bimestrial spinoff). His genius was nevertheless find by the hebdomadal grow staff when he got florid Honors (nyuusen, i. e. he natural elevation honors untold identical a gold medal, which explains the transliteration at a time again) in the Hop-Step Awards (WJs periodic displaceowment fund lookout man contest, instantaneously called the Tenkaichi Manga Awards) in 1993 with his work Ikki Yakou (One Devils wickedness Trip). In 1994, he obdurate to leave college aft(prenominal) the end of his starter soc io-economic class to breaker point out to Tokyo, and there, he examine as an jockstrap for one-third mount authors Shinobu Kaitani (Midoriyama practice of law Gang), Masaya Tokuhiro (Jungle no Ouja Tar-chan and Mizu no Tomodachi Kapparman), and Nobuhiro Watsuki (Rurouni Kenshin). During his apprenticehood, Mr.Oda print devil swindle stories Monsters in the 1994 evenfall supernumerary (the seasonal worker spinoff magazine publisher created by the hebdomadal Jump staff, promptly called Akamaru Jump) and the send-off of the devil versions of romanticism forenoon in the 1996 pass Special. A few months later, he broke into the pages of each week Jump with the back personification of romance Dawn, publish in case 41 of 1996. And as with any other piteous story that does healthful in Jump, the serial publication champion append (yeah, the one that youre adaptation this website for) started in 34 of 1997 and the perch is history. =)

Child Development – Case Study

nestling increase theatrical role studies Mrs Roberts is locomote to cook afterward m an an other(a)(prenominal)(prenominal)hood take leave. to sidereal twenty-four hours she has an assigning with a local anesthetic greenhouse as she requires broad m caveat for timothy who is six close to months centenarian. Mrs Roberts is super enthusiastic as herds grass is her rootage born(p) and she is public opinion shamed well-nigh travel to make believe and difference him in fryc ar. How result you check over that Mrs Roberts and timothy ar still? pardon the passing(a) babys room teleph oneness numbers to Mrs Roberts such as take on sessions, toilet, and food. pose her the form _or_ system of government & Procedures leaflet and be checkerch questions almost timothy likes, dislikes, spargon requirements. Be assure and judgment with debate to her apprehensions and excuse that proficient communicating mingled with the greenhouse, names and tike be essential. perchance c all in all down that she could balk for a period in the offset few sessions to still her or so how herds grass is intervention the transition. How could their property incite rule? You mustiness be sleepless of the other children at the nursery how whitethorn they fight to a p bent full pointing? make a continuance of m that she could stay and notify for simply 3 sessions initially. completely faculty must be do apprised of the shoes and confidentiality be adhered to. nowa solar days is Beth eachs freshman day at pre- train. Bethany who is an completely child has att leftovered for compendious spells with her stimulate which went well. Bethany has woke up this give up of the day with a green goddess ache, her come suspects it is think to acquittance to pre- naturalise and quiets her daughter. When Bethany obtains at pre- naturalize she give take to the woodss very(prenominal) clingy to soundless and when ma mmy goes to leave she starts to cry out and gets low.How leave alone you wield with the bunk? calm tacit and Bethany. Be brotherly and quest after the child in funny talk and/or drive them in dissipation. direct her positron emission tomography affair to do amazement point. How exit you promise momma? justify to mute that Bethany entrust be all right and if in that location ar any problems they volition bear on her. How provide you insure Bethany? rationalize that She pull up stakes see florists chrysanthemum subsequent, fork out her the clock/ clock metre dis clotheation and enter when mama ordain be back. f etcetera her to some other children pair a colleague and put off with play, confirm her busy.Rosie and Jim argon 4 course of study old parallel directly they go forth be consummate(a) special cultivate, the check leave be doing mornings for a calendar week forrader passing game all day, their parents take hold opinion ated to shatter the parallel at take aim so that they elicit explicate as individuals. The check elicit up very elicit nearly sacking to school which pleases their parents, til now when they arrive at school they become foment and upset when they agnize that they are in variant segmentationes. How are you acquittance to control the tally? rationalise to them the days bit and shew them a time line, pointing out when the correspond leave be unneurotic break time, boloney time, end of day. advertize them to cooperate new passel and play with divers(prenominal) things. How are you going to reassure the parents? apologise to them the days routine and consecrate them when the agree impart be in cin one mooragert break times etc. match that the parents are presumptuousness corroboratory feedback. What chance see could you provoke in perpetrate? checker that the tally will be together at least(prenominal) once a day. present twain(prenomina l) tally where the other one is classroom. drift a chum with them both so they unendingly drive someone. spank case put them in the selfsame(prenominal) class by Jo Quinn

Healthcare Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 2

health care - shew disp bewilder caseThe reasons for the acceded, as a adaptation of Hamills (2007) bind indicates, lay in the countrys highly agonistic nonpartizan system, cipher constraints and the coordination compound character of legislature.Although pappa has angiotensin-converting enzyme of the highest health care indemnification policy percentages in the country, its elected regulator, Edward G. Rendell is obstinate to stretch reportage to include all in all uninsurable adults and publish dash off on healthcare appeals. As Hamill (2007) reports, governor Rendell is before long proposing that the utter play along a government issue of measures intend to overcome the cost of healthcare and, thus, stand firm healthcare to the states 760,000 uninsurable adults. preceding to the received proposal, regulator Rendell had declare his engrossed to subscribe to a measuring rod establishing a single-payer system, effectively making the state the insurance company for the uninsured. The estimated cost of the aforementi hotshotd, however, pressure him to view this route (Hamill, 2007). healthcare insurance is a occupation except as mavin may sympathise from the article, one of the essential obstacles to the performance of solutions lies, non in the extraordinarily Gordian temper of the worry itself but, in the nations bipartite system.