American Reconstruction after the Civil War Essay

Reconstruction was a period of time after the Civil War (1865-1877) that was supposed to be the rebuilding of America. It was also the process used to readmit all the Confederate states back into the Union. There was controversy, however, on how to go about rebuilding the nation. Abraham Lincoln proposed a lenient plan. After he was assassinated, Andrew Johnson proposed a very similar plan. The Radical Republicans, a group of legislators that were in favor of freedmen’s rights, were opposed to both plans under â€Å"Presidential Reconstruction†. They initiated â€Å"Congressional Reconstruction†. Because of the conflicting views, there was little cooperation between the Executive and Legislative branches. This lead to many unsuccessful†¦show more content†¦Johnson stated that the seven remaining states would be admitted if: they withdrew its secession, swore allegiance to Union, anul Confederate was debts, and ratify the 13th Amendment, which ab olished slavery. The only main difference being that Johnson did not want high-ranking Confederates and wealthy Southern landowners to take the oath needed to vote. The Radical Republicans were infuriated by Johnson’s Plan because it failed to effectively help former slaves. They wanted a plan stricter on the punishment of the Southerners, and one that addressed the land, voting, and protection under the law of slaves. This is why when Johnson pardoned all Southerners the Radicals refused to admit the Southern representatives back into Congress. The Radical Republicans, and the rest of Congress, were the ones who passed most of the bills for Reconstruction, because of their ability to override the president with their majority. They expanded the Freedmens Bureau, which did show some progress in the helping of former slaves and poor white men. The Freedmen’s Bureau set up hospitals, schools, and also gave out supplies. This achieved the enablement of former slaves having the right to free education. Later on, however, the Freedmen’s Bureau became neglected, and was often forgotten or overlooked. The Freedmen’s Bureau is accurately described in this following statement, â€Å"This auspicious beginning belied the great disappointments that lay ahead,† (CITE TEXTBOOK). Many ofShow MoreRelatedNorth or South: Reconstruction after the American Civil War Essay1762 Words   |  8 PagesThe American Civil War came to a terrible and bloody end with six hundred thousand casualties and the North winning and the South losing. Southern soldiers returned from the war and found their home in ruins. Lots of people lost their homes, land, businesses, and their way of life. Many Southerners faced starvation due to the high food prices and the widespread of crop failure. The Confederate money that was used by Southerners was now useless. Numerous banks collapsed, and the merchants went bankruptRead MoreReconstruction During The Civil War Essay1676 Words   |  7 PagesReconstruction The United States went through many changes after the Civil War and during the Reconstruction period of 1866-1877. Before Abraham Lincoln was assassinated on December, 1863, by John Wilkes, Lincoln announced the first Reconstruction plan a year before the Civil War had ended and Lincoln offered general amnesty to white southerners who would pledge an oath of loyalty to the government and accept the abolition of slavery. During the summer of 1865, Johnson not long after he took officeRead MoreEssay about The Reconstruction Era: The Planted Seeds1231 Words   |  5 PagesThe first roar of the Civil War ended with a last gasp for air. Where in such a war more than six hundred twenty thousand men sacrificed their lives for their own belief in the abolishment of slavery (â€Å"Civil War Facts†). â€Å"We here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in vain. That this nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom† (Baslor). These wise words of Abraham Linco ln cleared the way of a desolate trail of violence and pain, yet he was determined to accomplish his plansRead MoreWhat Defines Us as Americans894 Words   |  4 Pagesas Americans Over the years there have been many events that have taken place. These events not only affected the people and the world of the present at that time, but also the future and even the way things are today. Knowing this we must ask ourselves what defines us as Americans? There are series of events that all together add up to define us as Americans such as, the Constitution, Westward Expansion, and the Civil War and Reconstruction. What do you think defines us as Americans? Read MoreReconstruction And The Rights Of Former Slaves. In The998 Words   |  4 PagesReconstruction and the Rights of Former Slaves In the 1860s the United States was a nation that had been ripped apart by the Civil War and left in torn pieces. The war left many white southerners stripped of their slaves, land, and in destroyed towns with little to eat. The only people worse off than the white southerners at this point in history were the black southerners who had nothing to their names but the freedom they had recently been granted which left them penniless and searching for aRead MoreThe Civil War Was A Grave Cause Of Many Events. Many People1663 Words   |  7 PagesThe civil war was a grave cause of many events. Many people may see the results of the war as a chain reaction to many following eras. One of the most prominent eras that emerged from the civil war was the reconstruction era. The reconstruction era emerged around 1865 and continued until 1877. This time period generally refers to the time in United States history in which the federal government set the conditions that would allow the rebellious S outhern states back into the Union. The States wereRead MoreReconstruction Of The Civil War1108 Words   |  5 PagesAmerica’s Mindset Although the end of the Civil War and the beginning of the Reconstruction brought great hope to America’s four million former slaves, the efforts of Congressional Reconstruction ultimately failed to establish equal rights for the freedmen because the racist mindset still dominated American society at the time and Democratic influence steadily overcame Republican control in Congress. Despite the Union’s victory, the end of the Civil War brought many significant national problemsRead MoreThe American Civil War1418 Words   |  6 PagesGuns fired, smoke lingering in the air, people dying. The American Civil War had a huge impact on the United States. Two compromises took place before the start of the Civil War. These compromises include the Missouri Compromise and the Compromise of 1850. The Missouri Compromise dealt with the crisis in 1819 over Missouri entering the Union as a slave state. The compromise was â€Å"the first major crisis over slavery, and it shattered a tacit agreement between the two regions that had been in placeRead MoreThe Shaping Of Our Country1092 Words   |  5 Pagesthe major pivot points that occurred consists of: Jeffersonian democracy, Jacksonian democracy, Civil War/Reconstruction, Revolution/Constitution. However one of them happened to be the most impacting which was the Civil War and Reconstruction. The American Civil War occurred during 1861 to 1865, lasting only five years. America’s bloodiest clash resulting in the death of approximately 620,000 Americans and millions more were injured. In the spring of 1861, the north and south began to rise intoRead MoreFjkhgk1491 Words   |  6 Pagesvigorous Reconstruction measures held that| A)|although particular southerners had erred, the Union itself had endured through the Civil War.| B)|the Reconstruction process outlined in the Constitution should be closely followed.| C)|the president had sole responsibility for Reconstruction.| D)|the Confederate states, by seceding and making war against the United States, lost their status as states and should now be treated as conquered territories.| 2.|The First Reconstruction Act| A)|recognized

Drug And Alcohol Use Among Teenagers - 1614 Words

Drug and alcohol use of persons under the age of 18 is prevalent (National Institute on Drug Abuse [NIDA], 2014). â€Å"Illicit drug use among teenagers remains high, largely due to increasing popularity of marijuana† (NIDA, 2014, pg.2). In 2013, approximately 7% of 8th graders, 18% of 10th graders, and 22% of 12th graders used marijuana in the past month. These rates have increased since the mid to late 2000’s. â€Å"6.5% of 12th graders now use marijuana every day, compared to 5% in the mid-2000’s† (NIDA, 2014, pg.2). Alcohol use has declined since the late 1900’s but in 2013, 3.5 % of 8th graders, 12.8% and 26% of 12th graders reported getting drunk in the past month (NIDA, 2014). In addition, in 2013, 16.3% of 12th graders were current cigarette smokers (NIDA, 2014). It appears that middle-school students are using drugs and alcohol; therefore, it is necessary to explore prevention for this age group (Chen, Storr Anthony, 2008). The transition from middle to high school may be a challenge for students, both academically and socially (Botvin, Griffin Nichols, 2006). Additionally, frequency of substance initiation and use, typically increase during the high school years (King and Chassin (2007). Furthermore, adolescents who use substances are more likely to experiment with more than one substance (Chen, Storr Anthony, 2008). Poly-substance use is related to a number of challenging outcomes (Toumbourou and Catalano, 2005). These include, negative social consequences,Show MoreRelatedAddiction And Substance Abuse Is A Serious Problem Among Teenagers806 Words   |  4 Pagesserious problem among teenagers. Teenagers begin abusing drugs because of peer pressure, or abuse in their life. Any type of drugs can be abused including over the counter medications. Since teenager’s brain is still growing any type of substance abuse can cause serious harm. The most abused drug is alcohol. Alcohol has a differe nt effect the brain of teenagers different than that of adults. Children raised in a religious family, with religious friends are less tempted to use drugs. They haveRead MoreTeenage Drug Use Of Drugs1560 Words   |  7 PagesSociology 100 Professor Victoria Hoverman Teenage Drug Use In today’s society, one of the common problems among teenagers is the use of drugs. Teen age is probably one of the most challenging periods in life. It is a stage of self identity crisis that leads to great confusion amongst the teens. Belonging and being accepted in a group is very important in the minds of the teens; where many regard the act as cool. During these years of growth, teenagers encounter their share of positive and negative experiencesRead MorePeer Pressure Essay693 Words   |  3 PagesPeer pressure today impacts on kids of my generation in a huge aspect. Teenagers feel social pressure in numerous ways such as clothing, music and entertainment choices, to unsafe areas such as drugs, alcohol and smoking. During adolescence, kids emphasize their independence and explore their identity. Yet they still crave the approval of their peers and worry about being rejected and excluded. Peer pressure affects the way teenagers choose to live their lives. It affects the w ay they dress, talk andRead MoreHow Substance Abuse Can Be Harmful At The Societal And Individual Level1255 Words   |  6 Pageslevel Drug abuse is harmful to both the society and individuals themselves. The effect of drug use on individuals is that the users usually go through a wide array of physical effects such as fatigue, anxiety, depression, and flashbacks (Maisto Connors, 2014). For example, getting high with Cocaine is usually followed by â€Å"crash’ which is a period of fatigue, anxiety, and depression. In addition, there is an increase in sexual activities among drug users, and this may expose most of the drug usersRead MoreDeterminants of Marijuana Use Essay1052 Words   |  5 Pagesuniversal drug. It is easily accessible to most people and is the number one illicit drug used in North America. Although the availability and knowledge of this drug is fairly equal for all people in North America, marijuana tends to be more prevalent in teenagers and young adults. Maisto, Galizio, and Conners (2004) reported that use of marijuana [in young people] was 8.0% among those aged 12-17; 16% among those a ged 18-25, as compared to 6.8% among those aged 26-34; and 2.4% among those 35 andRead MoreA Major Problem That Teenagers Come Across931 Words   |  4 PagesTeenagers are surrounded daily by different issues and problems. Some know how to deal with them; others create bigger problems for themselves. A problem that a teenager could come across can vary in its extremity. A major problem, that forms from other problems, is drug and alcohol abuse/use. Drug and alcohol abuse has become a huge problem among teenagers. It can start for multiple reasons. Every person has a different reason. The most common reasons or excuses for teenagers are boredomRead More The Problem of Teen Alcoholism in the United States Essay1102 Words   |  5 Pagesmay not in particular. Alcohol use among teenagers is a serious problem and is responsible for death and injury in automobile accidents, physical and emotional disability, deterioration of academic performances, aggressive behavior that causes a number of other sociological problems in families and among friends. It is also the primary cause of criminal behavior and a leading cause of broken marriages. As we know its a broad topic therefore Ill look at the role that alcohol plays in the society andRead MorePrevention of Alcohol Abuse Among Pregnant Women1306 Words   |  5 PagesPrevention of Alcohol abuse among pregnant women Introduction The drug abuse menace has been indicated to be one of the leading factors that negatively affect people at whatever stage of life right from the fetus stage to the fully grown baby and the adulthood. Of greater interest in this case is the persistent and ever increasing abuse of alcohol among other substances among pregnant women and teenagers in particular. There are repercussions that come with the alcohol abuse and there is thereforeRead MoreEssay on Against Legalization of Marijuana in Canada909 Words   |  4 Pagesare over 16 can buy it over the counter just as alcohol or tobacco. Although legalizing marijuana may be beneficial to those people with medical purposes, it will create more problems and dangers to the society. The problems that associated with legalizing marijuana are causing negative impacts on public health and increasing marijuana consumption among youths. Also, the misuse of marijuana may cause people to drive under the influence of the drug, and hence, more ac cidents may occur, causing moreRead MoreDrug Abuse1279 Words   |  6 PagesThe use of and abuse of illegal and prescription drugs are a health, social, and law enforcement problem that is affecting Americans across the country. Drug abuse is destroying the lives of many teens and adults and is also destroying families in the United States. The use of drugs is a major problem in the United States among all Americans, but drug addiction is the main cause for America s troubled teens today. Exactly what is a drug? A drug is any chemical that produces a therapeutic or non-therapeutic

Pre Booking Child and Physical Examination of the Child

Question: Describe about the differential diagnosis, physical exam findings, most concerning diagnosis and additional diagnostic tests. Answer: Differential Diagnosis The differential diagnosis for the patient is Kawasaki Disease'. After reviewing the symptoms, laboratory culture reports, age and vitals of the child and physical examination of the child, it can be estimated that the child is suffering from Kawasaki Disease. Physical Exam Findings Kawasaki disease starts in a febrile mode characterized by persistent and high fever, which continues over two weeks. With the progress of few days, antipyretics and antibiotics decrease responding. Conjunctival inflammation is the second symptom of the disease and often it is bilateral and bulbar. It is the symptom accompanied by fever. The third symptom of the disease is swollen red lips with occasional bleeding and cracking. The oropharynx mucosa becomes red with the appearance of strawberry tongue. The fourth symptom includes the erythema of the peripheral extremities like palms and soles. This advances to become painful with striking demarcation. The fifth symptom involves the cutaneous manifestations characterized by non-specific erythematous rash. Initially the rash is found on the trunk of the body, which spreads over time. The sixth symptom is myocarditis and pericarditis. An increased heart rate and a decreased blood pressure characterize this. Since the positive physical examinations of the child were found to be similar with the characteristic symptoms of the disease, so it was anticipated to be Kawasaki Disease that the child is suffering from (Kawasaki, 2014). Most Concerning Diagnosis Cardiac complications have been the most concerning diagnosis of Kawasaki disease. Mostly this disease acquires heart diseases in children. Myocardial infarction occurs due to formation of blood clot in aneurysm of coronary artery or rupture of the large aneurysm of coronary artery. This can lead to death, mostly after two to twelve weeks of the onset of the disease. During the healing process of the vessel wall, the coronary artery becomes narrow. Thus the heart fails to receive enough oxygen and blood due to obstruction, which further leads to the tissue death of the heart muscle (Eleftheriou et al., 2014). Additional Diagnostic Tests For the diagnosis of Kawasaki disease, no specific test is available. Therefore, the diagnosis process essentially involves ruling out of the diseases with similar symptoms and signs. Since cardiac complications are the most concerning diagnosis of Kawasaki disease, therefore the additional diagnosis tests should include those, which are concerned with the cardiac functioning. These include Electrocardiogram, Echocardiogram and Chest X-Ray. Electrocardiogram Since Kawasaki disease causes complications of the heart rhythm, the childs heartbeat has to be measured. This involves the attachment of electrodes to the skin for measuring the heartbeats. Echocardiogram This test is done to identify the functioning of the coronary arteries. Ultrasound images are used to detect the functioning of the heart. Chest X-Ray This is done to find out if the heart is affected by Kawasaki disease. Pictures inside the chest show the heart and the preliminary observations can be made. Caregiver Information The primary goal of Kawasaki disease treatment is the prevention of coronary artery disease and to get rid of the associated symptoms. The essential treatment regimen includes complete doses of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG). Since the patients are admitted to the hospital for IVIG administration, the caregivers need to monitor closely the control of fever. However, focus should be on the monitoring of the cardiovascular functioning. Myocardial dysfunction or heart failure becomes unlikely when the fever gets resolved (Saguil et al., 2015). References Eleftheriou, D., Levin, M., Shingadia, D., Tulloh, R., Klein, N. J., Brogan, P. A. (2014). Management of Kawasaki disease.Archives of disease in childhood,99(1), 74-83. Kawasaki, T. (2014). Kawasaki disease.International Journal of Rheumatic Diseases,17(5), 597-600. Saguil, A., Fargo, M., Grogan, S. (2015). Diagnosis and management of Kawasaki disease.American Family Physician,91(6), 365.

Kierkegaard And Wittgenstein Essays - Philosophy, Philosophy Of Life

Kierkegaard And Wittgenstein The connections between Ludwig Wittgenstein and Soren Kierkegaard as philosophers are not at all immediately obvious. On the surface, Wittgenstein deals with matters concerning the incorrect use of philosophical language and Kierkegaard focuses almost exclusively on answering the question how to become a Christian. But this account belies deeper structural similarities between these mens important works. Thus, this paper suggests that their methods, rather than exclusively content, contain a strong parallel on which a natural and hopefully fruitful examination of their work can be based. I claim that on at least four counts, Kierkegaard and Wittgenstein present clearly analogous form: indirect communication; examination of the limit of thought as applied to their respective spheres of inquiry; and the relationship to nonsense or the absurd. I claim that a careful study of these categories with respect to the philosophers major works will reveal sufficient similarity to have warranted our inquiry: hence a clear understanding of one philosophy should help to explain the others. I will assume a reader has only cursory familiarity with Kierkegaards ideas for the purposes this paper. To begin, a brief outline of Kierkegaards background and philosophy is germane. He was a Danish philosopher, literary figure, and ardent Christian living in the 19th century. As was mentioned above, his self-proclaimed intent was to examine what it means to be a Christian and how precisely to become one. Hence all of Kierkegaards works (Either/Or; A Sickness Unto Death; Concluding Unscientific Postscript; Fear and Trembling being among the most notable) have a decidedly religious flavor to them. For his adamant insistence on subjectivity rather than objectivity (in reaction to Hegel) when dealing with questions of personal importance, he has been labeled the father of modern existentialism. Kierkegaards works are not straightforward proclamations of his philosophy: he wrote under pseudonyms and assumed the persona of these fictional characters in his writing. Thus, one must be careful when attributing a particular position to Kierkegaard often the view is advanced by a pseudonym, so various inferential processes must be applied in order to substantiate a claim that Kierkegaard really meant any statement. Foremost among the structural similarities between Kierkegaard and Wittgenstein works is the use of indirect communication: as paradoxical as it may sound, both authors deliberately obfuscate their philosophy for the purposes of clarifying it. Clarification of the preceding assertion is obviously required. Each author felt that, due to inherent properties of their subject matter, outright delineation of their conclusions would somehow be a self-contradiction. Clearly their respective subject matter, the logical structure of language and the task of becoming a Christian, is inherently disparate. But let us examine more closely particular instances of indirect communication from both of the philosophers with the intention of finding similarity. By indirection, find direction out. Polonius, (Hamlet: II, i, 72) Soren Kierkegaard The use of pseudonyms: The purpose of pseudonyms was to present a viewpoint which the reader was initially to sympathize with. As the work developed, further assertions by this persona were to be found objectionable by the reader. The initially sympathized viewpoint would now be seen to be flawed and therefore have been rejected. Thus the reader was to have reached through self-reflection a conclusion that would not have been internalized if it had been simply communicated directly. Kierkegaard was writing for self-proclaimed Christians whom he believed were not truly faithful. Any clear suggested improvement in behavior would have been regarded by the reader as not applying to him or herself. Pseudonyms qua indirect communication helped readers to achieve personal understanding, rather than merely intellectual apprehension of an idea without application. Stories: Many portions of Kierkegaards work contain fictional narratives to help illustrate or illuminate some of his points. As is explained in his book, The Point of View for My Work as an Author, Kierkegaard takes advantage of the engaging quality of fiction to prevent the reader from disinterestedly analyzing his points, and to focus on how the reader feels personally about his ideas contained within the story. As indirect communication, story uses concrete instantiations of ideas rather than presenting an objectified, analytic theory to pick through and not relate to oneself. Heavy irony: An element of all forms of Kierkegaards writing include stating assertions

What to Know Before Buying a Pet Tarantula

What to Know Before Buying a Pet Tarantula A tarantula can make a great pet, but its not right for everyone. Dont make an impulsive purchase at a pet store unless you understand your responsibilities as a tarantula owner. A spider is an animal, not a toy. Before making a commitment, make sure to ask yourself a few important questions. Are You Willing to Commit to a Long-Term Relationship With Your Pet Tarantula? Tarantulas are known for their long lifespans. A healthy female tarantula can live well over 20 years in captivity. During that time, it will need regular food and water, an environment with appropriate heat and humidity, and an occasional cleaning of its terrarium. Should you tire of caring for your pet tarantula, you cant just take it outside and let it go. Be sure youre committed to keeping the tarantula for the long haul. Do You Want a Pet You Can Touch and Cuddle? If so, you might do better with a hamster or a gerbil. Though common pet tarantula species are docile, they can easily spook if you are trying to handle them and squirm out of your hand. Falls are nearly always fatal for tarantulas, as their abdomens rupture easily. In addition, tarantulas can and will bite you if they feel threatened. Even worse, theyve got a nasty habit of flicking urticating hairs at the faces of potential predators, which could include you and your loved ones. Do You Want an Active Pet That Does Cool Tricks and Can Be Let Loose in Your Home? When theyre not capturing and eating live prey, tarantulas spend a great deal of time doing absolutely nothing. They are masters of repose. Though it may appear sluggish in its terrarium, once your pet tarantula escapes, it can run with lightning quickness to find a hiding place. Tarantula owners even recommend cleaning the tarantulas habitat within the confines of a bathtub so the resident spider cant make a speedy retreat to some dark corner of the house. Do You Enjoy Feeding Live Prey to Your Pets? Tarantulas eat live prey, which you will need to provide. For some pet owners, this might not be a concern, but for others, its not a pleasant thought. For smaller tarantulas, a diet of crickets, grasshoppers, and roaches might suffice. For larger spiders, you might need to feed an occasional pinky mouse or even a gray mouse. Youll need a reliable supplier of crickets or other live prey in your area to make feeding easier. Its not a good idea to feed wild caught crickets, as these can be infected with pathogens that may harm your pet tarantula. Do You Have a Responsible, Ethical Source From Which to Purchase Your Pet Tarantula? When pet tarantulas first became popular with spider enthusiasts, most of the tarantulas on the market came from the wild. As with any exotic animal in demand, over-collecting can soon put a species at risk in its native habitat. Such was the case with a few popular pet tarantula species, including the Mexican redknee tarantula, a vibrant species featured in several horror movies. A few tarantula species are now protected under the Washington Convention agreement, which limits or prohibits the commercial trade of listed species and their export from their native range. You can still obtain these protected species, but you must purchase a tarantula bred in captivity from a reputable source. Dont put the beautiful spiders at risk; do the right thing.

Writing Tips Paraphrasing a Source

Writing Tips Paraphrasing a Source Paraphrasing a Source It can be tempting to quote sources at length when writing a college paper. After all, you’re told to reference your sources, and how better to do that than using the actual words you’ve read? However, most of the time there’s a better option: paraphrasing. But what is paraphrasing? How do you paraphrase a source? And what are the advantages? Let us explain. Paraphrasing vs. Quoting Paraphrasing and quoting are both ways of sharing someone else’s ideas in your own work. When you quote a source, you use the exact words of the person you’re quoting (enclosed in â€Å"quote marks†). But when paraphrasing you need to explain the other person’s ideas in your own words. You might want to paraphrase a source in order to: Demonstrate your understanding of the subject matter Avoid using too many quotations in a document Explain a complicated idea (especially if the original text is hard to follow) Focus on one aspect of an idea that is relevant to your own work In fact, the only time you truly need to quote a source instead of paraphrasing is when the exact wording is important (e.g., because you’re drawing on a key piece of terminology or interpreting the specific words used by an author). In most other cases, paraphrasing will work just as well or better. Remember, though, that you still need to cite a source if you paraphrase it. Even if you have rewritten something in your own words, you still need to show where your ideas come from. 5 Tips on Paraphrasing Rewriting something in your own words can be tricky, but we have some tips: Read the original source carefully to make sure you fully understand it Consider whether you need to paraphrase the passage in full (i.e., with all the details contained in the original) or simply summarize it (i.e., picking out key details relevant to your work) Before you begin writing the paraphrased version, consider how you would explain the passage to a friend Write your paraphrased version and compare it to the original passage to make sure you haven’t missed any important information If you have used any exact phrases or key terminology from the original, enclose these in quotation marks and cite the relevant page numbers If you do all of the above, you should be able to communicate your ideas clearly without having to quote your sources at length every time.

SATURATION ANALYSIS OF D2 DOPAMINE RECEPTORS EXPRESSES IN RECOMBINANT Essay

SATURATION ANALYSIS OF D2 DOPAMINE RECEPTORS EXPRESSES IN RECOMBINANT CHO CELLS - Essay Example The experiment was successful in the sense that the inhibition constant for [3H]-spiperone at around 0.5 nM corresponded with that quoted in literature available on the subject. The experiment demonstrated that [3H]-spiperone is a very efficacious antagonist of dopaminergic activity in specific relation to receptor subtypes with very specific inhibition capabilities and very low inhibition constant. This may later prove valuable to drug development against disorders like schizophrenia that is caused by excessive dopaminergic activity. The variations in physiologic actions of dopamine are mediated by at least five distinct G protein coupled receptor types (Missale, C., et al, 1998). Kebabian and Calne (1979) distinguished two dopamine receptor types - and - that can be differentiated ‘pharmacologically, biologically, physiologically and by their anatomical distribution’ (Civelli, O., 2000). Since the analysis is on receptors only they are being discussed here. Subsequent cloning of receptors revealed that they belonged to the supergene family of the G-protein coupled receptors (Civelli, O., 2000). The three subtypes belonging to the -like sub-family are the, and ones that inhibit adenylyl cyclase and activate channels (Missale, C., et al, 1998). The genetic structure of the and vary by tissue types and species’ through alternative splicing. The subtype is highly polymorphic. Since the analysis is on receptor activity on recombinant CHO (Chinese hamster ovary) cells it is necessary to point out that-like receptor activity in the peripheral regions is evident mostly in the kidney, vasculature and pituitary where they affect sodium homeostasis, vascular tone and hormone secretion (Missale, C., et al, 1998). More specifically the analysis of the gene structure of the subtype reveals that there are six introns in the receptor-coding region. This generates two main variants – the (short) and (long) receptors – in turn

Business Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Business Law - Essay Example The problem in this question relates to offer, unilateral offer, invitation to treat, acceptance, rejection of offer and past consideration. These would be discussed in line with the facts and determination of conclusion of the issues would be made in accordance with that. The important aspect in respect of the question is that of the differentiation between an offer and invitation to treat. This has been drawn by the courts. Invitation to treat is an expression of willingness of one party to go into into negotiations with another party anticipating that a contract would be concluded at the end of such negotiations. Items on shop display and their prices are treated as an invitation to treat (Fisher v Bell). Advertisements are generally treated as invitation to treat (Harris v. Nickerson ). There are certain exceptions to this the reasoning based on intention and certainty. (Carlill v Carbolic Smoke Ball Co, a case on unilateral offer.)1. An offer on the other hand has been defined a s an unequivocal willingness by a party known as the offeror to enter into a contract on stated terms and provided that such terms would be accepted by the person to whom the offer is made (offeree) a contract would come into existence. Acceptance has been defined as the unconditional acquiesce to the terms that were laid down by the offeror. The important aspects of acceptance are that it should be unconditional and must be communicated to the. ( Holwell Securities v. Hughes2) . A number of exceptions have developed in respect of communication, one of them being the postal rule, whereby acceptance takes place as soon as a letter is posted. As far as instantaneous means of communication is concerned it can be said that the postal rule in Adams v. Lindsell3 of acceptance is not applicable and thus actual communication of acceptance needs to be done (Mondial Shipping and Chartering BV v. Astarte Shipping Ltd4). As far as silence constituting to be acceptance is concerned, the courts h ave been consistent in their approach that silence would not constitute as acceptance and acceptance needs to be communicated or can occur by way of conduct. (Felthouse v. Bendley)5 . The advertisement that was placed cannot be classified as a unilateral offer as the facts do not show the requisite certainty and unconditional offer, thus it is evident that the advertisement is an invitation to treat. The discussion with Rose was merely an invitation to treat as there was hope of a contract being concluded and at no point can it be seen that an offer been made, so there can be no acceptance. In line with the discussion with Mary, the offer of Rose was made and communicated to Mary, however, the problem lies in the fact that even though there Mary responded and accepted the offer, it was never communicated to Rose and so in line with authorities on instantaneous communication it can be concluded that acceptance did not take place and so no action can be brought about by Rose. As far a s Matthew is concerned, the problem lies in the fact that it was conditional on the fact that Matthew would receive payment and therefore a conditional offer, or in other words it was not a conclusive offer which could be accepted. Applying the approach of courts in respect of silence and that it would not constitute to be acceptance; the actions of John cannot in any way create a binding contract. Furthermore, there has been no actions or conduct which show acceptance, on the contrary Mary destroyed the cheque which shows her intention of not being bound. The next issue is in respect of consideration, which is that it must generally be given after promise so as to make it enforceable. Thus a promise made after alleged consideration is complete is unenforceable (Re Mcardle)6. Thus past consideration is generally held not to be good consideration. However, the courts in Pao On v. Lau Yiu Long whereby Lord Scarman laid down the three condition which were to be satisfied if the excepti ons were to be relied upon, the first being that the act which was done

Western society VS eastern society Essay Example for Free

Western society VS eastern society Essay Western Society VS Eastern Society In After the First Death there was major antagonism between the two different societies, the western (American) and eastern (Arabic) societies. Among the eastern society in the novel, appropriate education, value for life and the individual were merely betrayed and violated, they simply did not exist. However, one thing that did exist very strongly was patriotism. The eastern societies are firm believers in patriotism and are powerful patriots. The western society too believed in patriotism, however not nearly as strongly as the easterners. Yet, they still comprised of the values of life and the individuals themselves. Both sides believed in patriotism in their own ways. Both showed love and devotion to ones country. This was what the major conflict was all about. They both conceived and believed that their ways of life were accurate and proper. Nevertheless, only one side in the end was going to win. Either youre a great patriot or a great fool. (Page 192) This was a statement made by Artkin to the general, Bens father. The general stated that he was both. A great fool for risking his sons life in order to save Inner Delta, and a great patriot because he was willing to loose his own son and to go all lengths merely to save Inner Delta. Education played an immense role in the way Miro and Artkins society were educated, as appose to the American education system. I went to a special school, where I was taught the use of weapons and explosives. Combat: with the knife, the gun, the hands. (Page 124) This was how Miro the terrorist was educated, accompanied by thousands of other egotistic and ruthless future terrorists. Yet, still to this day there is no difference in the education system, and nothing has changed. Dictatorship and absolute authority are still operated in the eastern societies as well as continuing to teach terrorism and total patriotism. Miro had dared not question Artkin-no one was so foolish as to do that. (Page 60) This revealed how Miro was taught not to question authority, as appose to the American society, where questioning is believed to be encouraged and dictatorship is unheard of. Miros assignment was to kill the driver. Without hesitation. (Page 17) Life for Miro, Artkin and other terrorists were meaningless and empty, they did not value or appreciate life. They too were also extremely apathetic when it came to other peoples lives. And inflicting death did not bother him (Miro), neither did the contemplation of the act. (Page 18) That it does not matter whether or not I get away. Whether or not I (Miro) live or die. Whether anyone else lives or dies. I have served my purpose. (Page 217) These two particular quotes illustrated that other peoples lives as well as their own lives were pointless, and that it would not even scare them to see their own lives or other peoples lives perish. Automatically this paints a picture of how the two different societies in the novel lived, and the reason for all the conflict. Both societies had different beliefs and different views on life, which in this case produced major antagonism. Both believed that their way of life was superior to all others, and in order to prove that, they were willing to go to all lengths.

Computerized Maintenance Management Systems :: essays papers

Computerized Maintenance Management Systems INTRODUCTION Facilities departments are under tremendous pressure to provide more information faster, and at a lower cost to the company. At the same time many companies have reduce staff to the bare minimum. Maintenance professional are presented with more difficult challenges today than at any previous point. The biggest obstacle of all confronting maintenance professionals is being forced to do more with fewer resources. Maintenance departments must deliver superior service, comply with regulatory requirements and provided detail financial accountably all within the confines of limited and/or reduce budgets. In order to meet these challenges, maintenance professionals are arming themselves with economical computerized maintenance management systems (CMMS). In recent years flexible, dependable and economical computerized maintenance management systems have become available to help fight the never-ending struggle to operate and maintain the built environment. But what are computerized maintenance management systems? They are management information systems that utilize the technologies of computers, telecommunications, etc. to executed the maintenance management processes and provide management with information for decisions making process. Work Identification Work Planning Work Scheduling Analysis History Recording Work Execution Like any other computerize information system it is made up of the following: a. hardware b. software c. data bases d. peripherals equipments e. train staff members We need to acknowledge at the outset that CMMS are not for every organization and that current research shows that as much as fifty percent of all CMMS start up have failed to pay back a meaningful return on investment after two years of operations. That is to say in many cases the heavy investment in CMMS information technologies have failed to live up to the much publicized benefits of automation and have delivered some disappointed results. So we do not want to give the impression that CMMS in themselves will cure all the ills of the profession and to advice against walking into the same technology trap that are endemic to the business community at large. In a rush to automate every job function that affects organizational efficiency and bottom line profits, many managers are overlooking important caveats inherent in all information technology implementations. This highlights the point that an organization needs to know how to find the right CMMS and how to implement and main tain the system. The decreasing costs of computer hardware, and the emerging power of microcomputers and software technologies, have disguised the question of feasibility.

The Tuskegee Experiment

The Tuskegee experiment was yet another demonstration of racial inequalities and dehumanization illustrated by a people who believed in racial superiority. The experiment was unethical and demoralizing from the beginning. The analysis was corrupt and unethical for a plethora of reasons. The experiment disregarded several basic principles of the American Sociological Association’s code of ethics. Perhaps the greatest flaw in the experiment was the intended denial of treatment, which, in turn, directly affected the subject’s safety, violating the code of ‘protecting subjects from personal harm’. Respect the subject’s right to privacy and dignity’ is an additional custom in the code of ethics ignored. The researchers clearly could not even conceive the thought of respecting these â€Å"inferior racial guinea pigs†, not their health, their dignity, or their humanity. The fact that these men were made a mockery of, lied to, and belittled aff irms that the informed consent was nothing more than a deceitful tactic to involve the individuals.The men were advised that they were ill and were promised care, and were not told they were participants in an experiment, which precisely disrupts the code of ‘seeking informed consent when data are collected from research participants or when behavior occurs in a private context’. Though the event preceded the declaration of the informed consent notion, it is still fraudulent because of the timeline and deceptions planned and carried out by the conductors, therefore it should still be factored in, because of the depth and the fact that the participants were bamboozled.The fact that the treatments were ineffective have nothing to do with the experiment being ethical, as far as the conductors were concerned, treatment was out of the equation anyway, so the fact that the dosages were toxic is irrelevant. The advanced nature of the syphilis in each patient contributes to the prevailing thought that the study was not only misguided, but unscrupulous as well. These men needed immediate medical care, but the urgency was of no concern to the researchers.The fact that these men were told they were ill (and that they were) and promised care, but were denied it, provides further evidence that experiment should have been stopped before it was even initialized, but realistically that was not going to happen. When the patients began dying off, the researchers should have stepped in, stopped the study and treated the patients, but because of the â€Å"ignorance and easily influence nature† of the subjects, they were not given treatment.Ignorance is deemed the right term indeed, but only because the researchers left out the whole nature of the experiment. They were given placebos, food, shelter, and constant letters informing them they were being treated and followed up on. Initially, I believe the patients were, in a way, excited about the treatment, becau se they thought it was just that, treatment. The participants were not too quick to jump into the research though, until of course, they were given incentives, their cooperation was built on the promise of help and generosity of mankind.As time moved forward, I believe they were still hopeful due in part to the fabrication of treatment, but maybe a bit suspicious, hence the start of the covers for burial preparations if death, in fact, struck them. As the years progressed, many participants died, from the severity of their illness, so therefore much of the primary evidence of feelings and emotions is not known. Over time, I expect that the attitudes toward the experiment, from the perspective of the participants and outsiders, did indeed change, and not positively. In decades following, the attention became negative, angry, and impatient.As of now, I believe people, of all races, are utterly disgusted and outraged. The fact that this continued for nearly forty years is incredible an d ridiculous. Withholding information of this magnitude, which affects one’s health or safety is unacceptable. In other studies, it can be accepted, because many times, knowing the intent of an experiment can alter the outcome, defined in the Hawthorne Effect. So long as the study does not inflict harm or danger to its subjects, both physically and mentally, withholding information can be justified.When an experiment is found to be unethical or corrupt period, the information gathered should be discarded and not used or profited for the advancement of science, because that in turn, discredits science in general. If the results were to be published and interpreted, being incorrect, then future experiments and observations founded on these primitive notions will not only be invalid, but could lead to negative effects. To conclude, not only was the trail immoral and unethical, it could have potentially changed the face of science and how we look at diseases, such as syphilis its elf.

Descriptive Statistics

Descriptive Statistics Question 1: The Dow Jones Travel Index reported what business travelers pay for hotel rooms per night in major U. S. cities (The Wall Street Journal, January 16,2004). The average hotel room rates for 20 cities are as follows Atlanta | $163| Minneapolis| $125| Boston | 177| New Orleans| 169| Chicago| 166| New York| 245| Cleveland| 126| Orlando| 146| Dallas| 123| Phoenix| 139| Denver| 120| Pittsburgh| 134| Detroit| 144| San Francisco| 167| Houston| 173| Seattle| 162| Los Angeles| 160| St. Louis| 145| Miami| 192| Washington D. C. | 207| a.What is the mean hotel room rate? b. What is the median hotel room rate? c. What is the mode? d. What is the first quartile? e. What is the third quartile? Question 2: The National Association of Collage and Employers compiled information about annual starting salaries for college graduates by major. The mean starting salary for business administration graduates was $39,850 (CNNM Money. com, February 15, 2006). Samples with annu al starting data for marketing majors and accounting majors follow (data are in thousands): Marketing Majors| 34. 2| 45| 39. 5| 28. | 37. 7| 35. 8| 30. 6| 35. 2| 34. 2| 42. 4| Accounting Majors| 33. 5| 57. 1| 49. 7| 40. 2| 44. 2| 45. 2| 47. 8| 38| 53. 9| 41. 1| 41. 7| 40. 8| 55. 5| 43. 5| 49. 1| 49. 9| a. Compute the mean, median, and mode of the annual starting salary for both majors. b. Compute the first and third quartiles for both majors. c. Business administration students with accounting majors generally obtain the highest annual salary after graduation. What do the sample data indicate about the difference between the annual starting salaries for marketing and accounting majors?Question 3: The American Association of Individual Investors conducted an annual survey of discount brokers (AAII Journal, January 2003). The commissions charged by 24 discount brokers for two types of trades, a broker-assisted trade of 100 shares at $50 per share and an online trade of 500 shares at $ 50 per share. a. Compute the mean, median, and mode for the commission charged on a broker-assisted trade of 100 shares at $50 per share. b. Compute the mean, media, and mode for the commission charged on an online trade of 500 shares at $50 per share. c.Which costs more, a broker-assisted trade of 100 shares at $50 per share or an online trade of 500 shares at $50 per share? d. Is the cost of a transaction related to the amount of the transaction? TABLE: COMMISSIONS CHARGED BY DISCOUNT BROKERS Question 4: A sample of 10 NCAA college basketball game scores provided the following data (USA Today, January 26, 2004) Winning Team| Points| Losing Team | Points | Winning Margin| Arizona | 90| Oregon | 66| 24| Duke| 85| Georgetown| 66| 19| Florida State| 75| Wake Forest| 70| 5| Kansas| 78| Colorado| 57| 21|Kentucky| 71| Notre Dame| 63| 8| Louisville| 65| Tennessee| 62| 3| Oklahoma State| 72| Texas| 66| 6| Purdue| 76| Michigan State| 70| 6| Stanford | 77| Southern Cal| 67| 10| Wisconsin | 7 6| Illinois | 56| 20| a. Compute the mean and standard deviation for the points scored by the winning team. b. Assume that the points by the winning teams for all NCAA games follow a bell-shaped distribution. Using the mean and standard deviation found in part (a), estimate the percentage of all NCAA games in which the winning team scores 84 or more points. Estimate the percentage ofNCAA games in which the winning team scores more than 90 points. c. Compute the mean and standard deviation for the winning margin. Question 5: Consumer Review posts reviews and rating of a variety of products on the Internet. The following is a sample of 20 speaker systems and their ratings (www. audioreview. com). The ratings are on a scale of 1 to 5, with 5 being best. Speaker| Rating| Speaker| Rating | Infinity Kappa | 4. 00| ACI Sapphire III| 4. 67| Allison One| 4. 12| Bose 501 Series | 2. 14| Cambridge Ensemble II| 3. 82| DCM KX-212| 4. 09|Dynaudio Contour 1. 3| 4. 00| Eosone RSR1000| 4. 17| Hsu Rs ch. HRSW12V| 4. 56| Joseph Audio RM7si| 4. 88| Legacy Audio Focus| 4. 32| Martin Logan Aerius| 4. 26| Mission 73li| 4. 33| Omni Audio SA 12. 3| 2. 32| PSB 400i| 4. 50| Polk Audio RT12| 4. 50| Snell Acoustics DIV| 4. 64| Sunfire True Subwoofer| 4. 17| Thiel CS 1. 5| 4. 20| Yamaha NS-A636| 2. 17| a. Compute the mean and the median. b. Compute the first and third quartiles. c. Compute the standard deviation. d. The skewness of this data is – 1. 67. Comment on the shape of the distribution. Question 6:According to the 2003 Annual Consumer Spending Survey, the average monthly Bank of America Visa credit card charge was $1838 (U. S. Airways Attache Magazine, December 2003). A sample of monthly credit card charges provides the following data. 236| 1710| 1351| 825| 7450| 316| 4135| 1333| 1584| 387| 991| 3396| 170| 1428| 1688| a. Compute the mean and median. b. Compute the first and third quartiles. c. Compute the range and interquartile range. d. Compute the variance and standard dev iation. Question 7: Small business owners often look to payroll service companies to handle their employee payroll.Reasons are that small business owners face complicated tax regulations and penalties for employment tax errors are costly. According to the Internal Revenue Service, 26% of all small business employment tax returns contained errors that resulted in tax penalty to the owner (The Wall Street Journal, January 30, 2006). The tax penalty for a sample of 20 small business owners follows: 820| 270| 450| 1010| 890| 700| 1350| 350| 300| 1200| 390| 730| 2040| 230| 640| 350| 420| 270| 370| 620| a. What is the mean tax penalty for improperly filed employment tax returns? b.What is the standard deviation? c. Is the highest penalty, $2040, an outlier? d. What are some of the advantages of a small business owner hiring a payroll service company to handle employee payroll services, including the employment tax returns? Question 8: The National Association of Realtors reported the medi an home price in the United States and the increase in median home price over a five-year period (The Wall Street, Journal, January 16, 2006). Use the sample home prices shown here to answer the following questions. 995. 9| 48. 8| 175. 0| 263. 50| 298. 0| 218. 9| 209. | 628. 3| 111. 0| 212. 9| 92. 6| 2325. 0| 958. 0| 212. 5| a. What is the sample median home price? b. In January 2001, the National Association of Realtors reported a median home price of $139,300 in the United States. What was the percentage increase in the median home price over the five-year period? c. What are the first quartile and the third quartile for the sample data? d. Provide a five-number summary for the home prices. e. What is the mean home price for the sample? Why does the National Association of Realtors prefer to use the median home price in its reports?

Polyhydroxyalkanoate Market Global Industry Analysis, Market Size, Share, Trends, Analysis, Growth And Forecast, 2013 2019 Essay Example

Polyhydroxyalkanoate Market Global Industry Analysis, Market Size, Share, Trends, Analysis, Growth And Forecast, 2013 2019 Essay Example Polyhydroxyalkanoate Market Global Industry Analysis, Market Size, Share, Trends, Analysis, Growth And Forecast, 2013 2019 Essay Polyhydroxyalkanoate Market Global Industry Analysis, Market Size, Share, Trends, Analysis, Growth And Forecast, 2013 2019 Essay Polyhydroxyalkanoate Market Global Industry Analysis, Market Size, Share, Trends, Analysis, Growth And Forecast, 2013 2019 Polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) is biodegradable linear polyesters produced naturally by the chemical reaction of bacterial fermentation on lipids or sugar. PHAs can be combined with a wide array of monomers which results in the formation of different types of materials exhibiting a variety of properties. PHAs are used in several applications including packaging of food beverages and cosmetics, bio-medical applications and agricultural films among others. Visit Complete Report Here: marketresearchreports.biz/analysis-details/polyhydroxyalkanoate-market-global-industry-analysis-market-size-share-trends-analysis-growth-and-forecast-2013-2019 Rising demand for biodegradable materials owing to the rising awareness among consumers regarding environment protection is expected to be one of the primary factors driving the growth of the market. In addition, supporting initi atives such as subsidiaries and tax grants which are being offered by several national governments is expected to boost the market for PHAs over the forecast period. Furthermore, growth of the packaging and healthcare industries are expected to augment the demand for PHAs, as more and more consumers are looking at bio-friendly solutions. However, higher costs of PHAs as compared to conventional polymers are expected to hamper the growth of the market. Focus on reducing the production costs of PHAs is expected to be a new opportunity for the growth of the market in the near future.Europe was the largest market for PHA over the past few years. However, Asia Pacific is expected to witness the fastest growth over the forecast period. Presence of a large manufacturing industry is expected to drive the growth of the PHA market in this region. Moreover, increase in disposable income of consumers coupled with rising awareness regarding eco-friendly materials is

Castles essays

Castles essays Castles are very important in many ways having to do with how they affect the empire they are established in. They have an impact on the political, cultural, commercial, and economic aspects of the society. Without Castles empires would most likely be very weak for a number of different reasons, and you are about to find out what they are. Castles are involved politically with their society. Initially were built to hold down conquered territory. They also were meant to intimidate people into obeying rules. They accommodated the lords who ruled over the empire. They were also impressive symbols of the power and wealth of their owners. The king ruled the castle as well as the empire the castle was situated. Often kings would have castles built in the middle of an existing society to expand their reign. Cultural aspects were tied in with the castles. Most castles had churches inside them, for the most important thing in life to them was faith in god. There were particular rules for etiquette at the dinner table, because it was believed that manners were very important. Women of royalty were to be treated with respect whether it is by another royal member or by a regular citizen. They were held in high regards. Economic and commercial were some of the things that kept the empires going. Castles were strategically placed in areas where they would be able to control commercial traffic. The city was laid out in grids, and this was meant to retain some sort of order and make things easier for everyone. Most people never moved very far away from the castle, it just wasnt something that happened. Castles mostly overlooked the empire. Those are the important issues that castles were involved with, and, as previously stated, the empire would most likely be considerably weaker if castles were not there to govern and protect. ...

Complexities of the U.S. Financial System Research Paper - 1

Complexities of the U.S. Financial System - Research Paper Example Therefore, one way in which the financial markets affect the economy is through determining the flow of both savings and investments into the economy, a pattern which in turn determines the rate of economic growth. Therefore, the financial markets offers an opportunity for savings that have been made by individuals and other business entities to re-enter the economy through the sale of shares, bonds and other financial securities, thus allowing the economy to have a consistent flow of money, which then promotes economic growth (World Financial Watch, 2014). Thus, when the financial markets are not operating smoothly, the economic growth is deterred. On the other hand, one way in which the financial markets affects businesses is through the provision of financial capitals for the business to invest further and grow (World Financial Watch, 2014). Different businesse entities convert their financial worth into shares, which are then listed on the stock market. Additionally, business can form different nature of securities and trade them in the stock and security markets, in order to raise capital for the further investment. In this respect, the financial markets determine the capacity of businesses to raise capital, which in turn determines the level of investment by businesses and the consequent profitability (Metcalf, 2014). In addition, whenever companies and businesses wants to raise money directly from the public, as opposed to raising it from the investors, the businesses issue their shares as Initial Public Offer (IPO) directly to the public, so that they can raise more capital, while making the businesses public entities. This way, the financial markets provides a platform through which private businesses can convert into public entities, while also providing the platform through which the willing and able members of public can own some stakes in some businesses and companies of their choice

Discussion Compilation Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Discussion Compilation - Assignment Example The age of enlightenment denoted the epoch of an intellectual movement back then in the 18th century. This took place in zones of central Europe and North America. The end of the thirty years of war in 1648 sparked this era and the French Revolution in 1989 marked its end. The 20th century has carried the label of the tag the age of anxiety (Eder, James and Seth 70). In this notion, the dominant perception is the idea of one using technology to obtain power over the citizens. At this level, one can easily realize the span of time since the 16th century to 20th century digital era took many ideological perceptions and inclinations by different personality who helped shape the history of philosophy, politics, and leadership. In the discernment of Freud, his contribution got right the making of history. According to Freud, the development of civilization with age would definitely bear a striking similarity with the development of the individual. In this realm, what Freud insinuated was that the society would one way or the other grow. The growth, be it social, political or religious perspective, it is borne by individual actions within the society (Eder, James and Seth 84). ... His philosophical inclination stems out from the fact that he was a child of enlightenment. What one would require an insight from Freud and Karl Max, if they were around is their belief and concentration on the power and influence of non-rational drives and impulses as guiding human thinking and his behaviour? For Karl, the human capacities have an insinuation of freedom of their thinking. He might have got this perception wrong since he relates to every human achievement as the outcome of false consciousness (Eder, James and Seth 70). The fact is that even since the age of enlightenment, much development in human capacity and their ideas do not entirely subscribe to the ideas of the ruling class. If Karl were alive today, he would have risen to the fact that conscious thought, as Freud sides with it, has played a big role towards linking these two ages, the age of enlightenment and the age of anxiety. During the age of enlightenment, as the world of civilization drifted onto the un known future of the age of anxiety, nature was put at a distance so as to rationally observe and classify. According to Locke, there was an erosion of the hierarchical great chain of being and the development of science of government, which sprouted the aspect of egalitarianism. This path seemed to bear the theory of natural light to equality and the security of self and the body of self (Eder, James and Seth 65). These extensions by Locke help to link the two ages together. He comes out as the first ideologue for capitalism. The contribution of personalities as from Locke to Equiano, one can see the emergency of possessive selfhood. The philosophers of this time assumed an amazing intellectual turn toward the end of 18th century.

Project Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words - 1

Project Management - Essay Example Table of Contents Table of Contents 3 Introduction 4 Purpose of the Report 4 Goals and objectives 4 Scope of the Report 5 Methodology 5 Background 6 Business Case 6 Purpose of the project 6 Alternatives Selection 8 Expected Benefits 9 Costs 10 Risks and Constraints 10 Work Breakdown Structure 12 12 Marketing 12 Gantt chart 14 Conclusions 15 References 16 Stanley, A. (1989) The Crowning Touch: Preparing for Beauty Pageant Competition. 1st ed.. New York: Box of Ideas Pub. 16 Introduction The following is a report of an event planning, with the goal of raising awareness as well as amassing funds to fight against hunger in Africa done in the University of Bedfordshire. The pageant is to engage the participators in activities such as registration of participants, talks on the hunger scourge and a fundraising for the cause. Purpose of the Report Miss University of Bedfordshire Project report will present a description of the project that includes the project’s goals and objectives. ... The beauty pageant is a platform by which issues of the community are to be addressed. In this case, the scope of the pageant covers the issue of the increasing hunger in Africa that has come about due to the immense rains that is currently afflicting the area. The pageant is charitable in nature and the aim is to gather funds that shall provide the hunger stricken individuals in Africa means by which they can feed. The pageant aims at bringing together the various groups in the community together in a common goal that is free of any rivalry of any nature towards a cause that is humanitarian in nature. The intentions of the pageant is to bring together all the people that could help the situation in Africa without having to involve any political, personal or peer influenced actions and decisions. Methodology In the case of the pageant, the first method of getting information involved is interviewing. I interviewed some of my peers to get their view on the project. By interviewing my peers, I had the opportunity to assess the societies take on the subject if charity, helping people in need as well as the preferences and the link charity has to politics. I also obtained information regarding what the society thought would be a great idea to collect information regarding conducting a charitable works. I also got a few ideas on what the society regarded was a proper and entertaining method of gathering funds for a charitable cause. I collected data regarding the possible methods and strategies through which I could amass the community towards a charitable case. In the data collection phase, I attended a few fundraisers, organized dinners and pageants. I observed the challenges that were associated in planning the events as

Associates degree Essay Example for Free

Associates degree Essay Picture this: You’re at the end of your summer before your senior year in high school. All summer, you’ve been working your minimum wage job, completing a project for school, and spending time with your friends and family. Every day is unique. Every day is new. You meet new people, go new places, and make new memories. Suddenly, and all too quickly, summer comes to an abrupt end. Senior year begins and the days go by faster than ever. You were courageous this year; you took â€Å"hard† classes. Well, hard classes means more schoolwork than ever before. More than you were expecting. And don’t forget about your job, three or four days a week after school for five or six hours, and one or both days of the weekend for eight hours. This is harder than you thought. You’re always tired. You’re always behind. You catch up one day, and are behind by the next. If you didn’t have to work, you could probably catch up. However, if you don’t work, you have no money to drive, and definitely no money for college. College is the one word you wish to avoid, but know it is inevitable. Applications are due soon, and you don’t have a clue what you want to do, much less where you want to go. Even if you were sure, there’s still a chance you can’t afford it. Coming from a family of five who lived in a one bedroom apartment when I was born, I am very lucky to be where I am now, and I know this. I have seen firsthand that with hard work and determination, everyone can succeed. I know I have the opportunity to do anything I want, be anyone I want. I could be an architect, a photographer, an engineer, a chemist. Anything. But what do I want to do? Where do I want to go? What type of school would be best for me? Deciding on if college is right for you, and if so, which college you want to attend is a very important decision to make. It will cost you a lot of money, and is not a decision to take lightly. Colleges can be broken down into two basic types, which can then be broken down further. The first of these is two-year colleges. Two-year institutions, sometimes called community or junior colleges, have programs that offer up to an associate degree, Associate of Arts (A. A. ) or Associate of Science (A. S. ), following successful completion of a two-year, full-time program. A few two-year colleges also offer the final two years of an undergraduate program only, awarding the bachelors degree rather than the associate degree. There are two basic types of programs at community and junior colleges, so when you start your search, having your career goals in mind will help in selecting a school. Some programs are strictly academic and are to prepare students to transfer to a bachelors degree program at a four-year school. Others are more applied and provide career training in specific areas (technical college). Though some of the credits offered at this second type of school may be accepted by a four-year institute, this type of school is not designed for students planning to transfer to such an institute. The next basic type of school is a four-year institution (college or university). The college or university, sometimes called an institute when offered programs focus on engineering or other technical courses, award a bachelors degree. The Bachelor of Arts or Bachelor of Science degrees are the most common, but many other bachelor’s programs are offered. Bachelors degrees are typically awarded after successfully completing a four-year, full-time program. Programs in some fields of study or at some institutions can be longer than four years. Some colleges have an affiliation with a specific religious group. If you’re looking at going to a four-year institution, a good place to start your search is a college guide. These guides show you the different types of four-year institutions available to you. Information provided by individual colleges can help influence your decision as well as. Both two-year colleges and four-year universities can be further broken down. One further division is public and private institutes. Generally, two-year community colleges, and state colleges or universities are publicly supported (funded). The state these institutions are located in generally provides the majority of their funding. The cost of private schools is generally higher because they do not receive the same state or federal funding. Colleges and universities with religious affiliations are private schools. Most are Christian (Roman Catholic and Protestant). Most often, you do not need to be a follower of any specific religion to attend a religiously affiliated college and these institutions generally strive to avoid effecting any students religious views. Cost of college can be a very important thing to take into consideration when choosing a college. Tuition costs have been going up at an increasing rate for many years. â€Å"In its most recent survey of college pricing, the College Board reports that a moderate college budget for an in-state public college for the 2011–2012 academic year averaged $21,447. A moderate budget at a private college averaged $42,224. † In the past 30 years, the cost has increased by over 500%, and that cost is expected to continue increasing by around 8% per year (the cost of living has only increased by approximately 250% in that same time period). That’s an additional $1,500 per year for in-state public colleges, and around $3,000 more per year for private colleges! Why, though, has this cost been increasing so drastically? In most other countries in the world, college is either payed for by taxes, or is very affordable. But what makes up this cost? The majority is tuition. Tuition is what colleges charge for the instruction they provide. Tuition is charged either by the semester or quarter depending on the college. Typically, one year of school is made up of classes ranging from early fall to spring (i. e late August through early May). Tuition for in-state residents at a public university is a bargain compared to what out-of-staters pay (often double the tuition of residents). Other costs (which will be covered in the following paragraphs) are generally about the same for residents or non-residents. Tuition at some colleges can also vary by major. Students in the sciences, engineering, computing, premed programs, and the fine arts often pay more. This â€Å"variable tuition† is something to keep in mind if you have a program/major in mind. Student fees are the next major part of the overall cost of college. These include anything from library access and parking, to registration and student government. Colleges usually give a total student fee, although this is generally only broken down into the most significant parts. However, other things that are generally included in these costs are health insurance, use of athletic facilities, ID cards, diplomas and graduation costs, lab supplies, computer access, student activities, and local bus service. Housing, meals, books, and other school supplies make up the majority of the rest of the total cost of college. Many colleges offer on-campus housing that varies greatly in price and comfort. Meal plans may also be purchased. Depending on the college, some plans are included with the cost of housing, while other schools keep the two separate. The plans can vary from as little as 7 meals a week or less to all you can eat, depending on how much you want to pay. Laptops are provided by most colleges, however the price to use these machines is usually quite hefty. While it may be expensive to rent a laptop, most often you will have access to nearly any program, as well as being able to purchase cheaper, student copies of programs to keep permanently. In high school, I was hardly told anything about college. Never was it even suggested that it might be a good idea to research different types of schools. After reading article after article about different types of colleges, and the factors to include in the total cost, I feel like I am finally beginning to understand the different types of colleges and the cost that comes along with them. There is still a lot of research to be done, but at least I am beginning to find my way. Hopefully, if you (the reader) are also thinking about college, and maybe even in a similar situation to me, this has helped you start working towards your final decision.

Being and Humans in Heideggers Letter on Humanism and in his Contribut

Being and Humans in Heidegger's Letter on Humanism and in his Contributions to Philosophy ABSTRACT: Heidegger's main question, the question of Being concerning human facticity, struggles to uncover the original ground to which humans belong, a ground from which modern society tends to uproot itself through the dominance of calculative and representational thinking. What is most dangerous for Heidegger about this process is that the original ground of humans and beings in general might be covered and forgotten to the extent that humans lose completely the sense of what they truly need. The task of philosophy is to help bring back humans and beings in general to the place which they originally belong, i.e., to their most fulfilled way of being which is their proper or own [das Eigene, eigen]. The term "En-own-ment" or "Ap-propri-ation" [Er-eign-is] — the key word in Heidegger's thinking since the 1930's — marks his attempt to think more originally than metaphysics the relation between Being and humans in terms of the being "enowned" of humans through Being and in terms of the belonging of humans to Being. I will rethink the question of this relation in reference to two of Heidegger's writings, and will focus on his struggle for a proper language which would be able to say what essentially remains concealed in metaphysical language: the truth (or ground) or Being as Ereignis. a) Preliminary remarks In our age of close encounter between manifold ways of thinking, believing and behaving one fundamental question which arises is: How can one find a proper measure for human life in a world which essentially lacks a common ground? The last great philosopher who, at the brink of the era of pluralism, struggled for a common ground ... ...-1938), GA vol. 65, ed. by F.-W. v. Hermann, Frankfurt am Main 1989. (3) See especially Heidegger, GA65, section 122. (4) I have no time, here, to develop the notion of an "andersanfà ¤ngliches Denken". (5) Anklang is the name of the first of the six fugues (Fuge) into which the Beitrà ¤ge are articulated. In their interrelatedness they constitute the realm of thinking of what Heidegger calls the transition from the first (Greek) beginning of Western history to the other beginning, which the thinking of Ereignis is meant to prepare. (6) See GA 9:323, where Heidegger says that Ek-sistenz is "das Stehen in der Lichtung des Seins". See also p. 350. (7) Unfortunately, I will have no time, here, to develop the question of the relation between humans and gods. (8) Heidegger moves, in the Beitrà ¤ge towards a radical simultaneity of beyng and beings.

Analysis of College Students’ Self Esteem and Their Desire to Feel Good About Themselves

Self esteem refers to the amount of realistic respect that you have for yourself. It is important for a person to have a healthy self-esteem in order to lead a happy and successful life. People with low self-esteems often have a harder time leading a happy and successful life. People with a healthy self-esteem realize that they deserve the good things in their lives, while those who suffer from low self-esteem feel that they deserve only the bad things in live. Each person is responsible for their own self-esteem and can take measures to improve their self-esteem, thereby improving their lives.Background of the studyThe relationship between a student’s scholastic performance and achievement and his/her sense of personal worth or self-esteem is likely to be mediated by a number of factors such as personal and familial aspirations, peer accomplishments and teachers and school expectations. Self-esteem can be defined as an individual’s judgment of his or her self-worth (Ro senberg 1965). Self-esteem is generally considered the evaluative component of the self-concept, a broader representation of the self that include cognitive and behavioral aspects as well as evaluative or affective ones.  (Tomaka&Blascovich, 1991). Self esteem is an extremely popular construct within psychology, and has been related to virtually every other psychological concept or domain, including personality (e.g., shyness), behavioral (e.g., task performance), cognitive (e.g., attribution bias), and clinical concepts (e.g., anxiety & depression). Environment of acceptance and success raises self-esteem, while environment of failures lower it.Coopersmith (1967) cited evidence supporting the importance of self-esteem. He concluded that people with feelings of inadequacy and unworthiness see themselves as inferior and unable to generate inner resources to improve their situation. Feeling of inferiority may result if it does not meet personal aspirations. In his antecedents of sel f, he suggested four factors that contribute to the development of self- esteem. These are: the values that the child perceives to have towards the self, the child’s experience withsuccess and his individual definitions of success or failure as well as the child’s style of dealing with negative feedback or criticism.To understand a man psychologically, one must understand the nature and degree of one’s self-esteem, and the standards that one judges oneself. Self-esteem is confidence in one’s capacity to achieve values (Branden, 1970) People with high self-esteem take risks more easily than those with low self-esteem. Low self-esteem has many different manifestations; withdrawal, depression, and lack of self- confidence are all symptoms of low self-esteem. As the first emphasis of this study, self-esteem has shown to be a significant personality variable in determining human behavior.OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDYThe objective that guided this study sought to ana lyze the personal strengths of the participants, to elevate their self- esteem and create positive self image. Aims to increase self confidence and self awareness to enable positive decision making and to form constructive relationships. To empower young people especially the college students to advocate on their own and on other’s behalf. To maintain a stable and positive sense of oneself.SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDYThe significance of this study is to help the following; Students. This research study will help students especially those who was not able to cope and handle social problems and to learn how to deal with it. Teachers. This will serve as the basis for future plans of teachers with regard to the necessary actions for the recovery of the deteriorating self- esteem of the students. Parents. This study will enrich their knowledge about self-esteem and can help to boost their child self confidence. Researchers. This study, particularly, its results will be of great help, for it will supplement and compliment needed ideas of the researchers.STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM1.) How do self esteem associated with depression, anxiety, motivation and satisfaction to the participants? 2.) What are the factors that causes an individual to lack self confidence? 3.) How do the participants improve their self esteem?SCOPE AND LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDYThe main focus of the study is based on the main problems in the facilities of the Cavite State University-Indang, Campus. It focuses based on knowing college students’ self-esteem and how they want to see themselves during the academic year 2012-2013. The population of frame of this study was the 1st year BS Psychology students from in the Cavite State University-Indang, Campus.ASSUMPTIONS OF THE STUDYThe researchers assume that the participants will answer the given questions accurately. Their personal identity will remain confidential so that the participants who may withdraw from the study at anytime with no ra mifications. In addition to, the respondents will rate some situation truthfully.CHAPTER IIReview of related literature and studies Local LiteratureContingencies Of Filipino Adolescent Self-Esteem And The Possible Effect Of Direction Of Social Comparison by Eric L. Dimar This study utilized both quantitative and qualitative approach in order to understand Filipino adolescent self-esteem more, particularly to determine on what contingencies do adolescents base their self-esteem. It also examined direction of social comparison to determine if this is related to their level of self-esteem. Gender differences were also investigated.High school student (N=287) from a private, co-educational institution in Quezon City were administered the Rosenberg Self-Esteem (RSE) Scale, a supplemental version of the Contingencies of Self-Worth (CSW) Scale, and a research-made Direction of Social Comparison Tendency (DSCT) Scale. Chi-square and t-tests were utilized to reveal possible relationships amo ng the different variables. Focus groups were organized to investigate further other possible factors affecting adolescents self-esteem.Results revealed that students with low self-esteem compared to those with high self-esteem tend to compare themselves more to others who are better or to those who have more. They also tend to see themselves in areas that they are not positively endowed with. In general adolescents base their self-esteem on internal factors, namely on their belief that they are loved by God and by their adherence to a moral code. No gender differences was found between males and females’ direction of social comparison. Females were found to be more affected than males regarding academic performance, family relationships, and relationship with God.Children need self-esteem by Sofia Logarta (Cebu Daily News) In adulthood, people suffering from low self-esteem often hold themselves back from great opportunities because the feel they do not feel ‘good enou gh’†. She also called attention to findings of the research of the University of Calgary â€Å"that verbal abuse often has more psychological impact and subsequent psychological damage than physical abuse.† She laments the lack of awareness on the part of parents regarding the act of verbal abuse and its impact on children. â€Å"Their criticism is not helping shape the child into a productive vibrant individual, but rather a shell of a person who is very insecure,  very afraid of life, and afraid of doing something wrong. Sometimes they are not even sure what that wrong would be because they are criticized for everything they do anyhow.†Foreign LiterationAccording to Alfie Kohn (The Truth About Self-Esteem), the schools should try to help students feel good about themselves. This topic has become sufficiently polarized that the vast majority of people who address themselves to it stand in one or two camps: the pro self esteem, mostly educators, who can scarcely believe that anyone would question the importance of trying to improve students perceptions of their own worth, and the critics, who dismiss such efforts as ineffective and nonsensical distractions from academics. This analysis lead him to discuss of what might be more constructive than the usual arguments for and against self esteem. He said that there is no getting around the fact that most educators whose speak earnestly about the need to boost students’ self esteem are unfamiliar with the research that has been conducted on this question at best, they may vaguely assert, he confess he used to do that â€Å"studies† suggest self esteem is terribly important.Taking Charge of Your Self-Image by CB StaffWhen you're feeling inadequate as a college student, keep these five factors in mind: 1. You're not the only one who makes mistakes. You can react to failure in two ways: Drag yourself into the recesses of self-pity, or acknowledge your mistakes and do your bes t to correct them. 2. Take time to do things you enjoy and excel at. If you don't have a hobby, get one. Jamaica's hobby of volunteering allowed her to put life into perspective. â€Å"It made me realize that some people are worse off than I am,† she says. 3. Set small goals. If you have trouble speaking in class, say hello to someone you don't know. After a couple of weeks, volunteer to speak in class. Pick a time when you're certain you can add insight to the discussion. Later on, get a little gutsier and say something controversial.4. Every semester, pick a class that interests you, as opposed to one that fills a degree requirement. Evenbeck points out that getting excited by coursework is vital to success, which will naturally improve self-esteem. â€Å"The old ‘sit down,  shut up, and memorize this' approach that some students perceive to be the message of educators is disastrous for student learning,† he says. 5. Visit student tutors and mentors, even if you don't think you need to. Tutoring services often have a negative stigma attached to them — college students may think visiting a tutor means they're not smart enough to learn on their own. But the main job of a student tutor or mentor is to offer advice in areas where he or she struggled at one time. Evenbeck says tutors and mentors are vital to the learning process. â€Å"Students often arrive without the habits that are required for successful university study. Other students are often in the best [position] to communicate those behaviors to new students,† he says.Developing those habits will lead to greater success and a better self-image. Tending to your sanity and developing a healthy self-image is just as important as anything you learn in a textbook. And maintaining a positive outlook will help keep you out of the doldrums and allow you to concentrate on learning and growing as a person. Jamaica says she learned to lean on people close to her to help get her through: â€Å"It's important to surround yourself with supportive people, like friends and family.†CHAPTER III METHODOLOGYResearch DesignThis study used the survey research design. The design was ideal because it facilitated collection of data from a large number of respondents through a self administered questionnaire. The descriptive method was employed since it is interested to find out the extent to which the variables are related to each other. Specifically, the study dealt with self esteem of the students in CVSU. Research InstrumentsPartially structured and open ended questionnaire was developed to collect data on the variables identified for the study. Since self-esteem concept is abstract, affective questions were used to bring out an individual self-esteem concept. These questions aimed at eliciting emotions on how students felt toward themselves. Analysis of College Students’ Self Esteem and Their Desire to Feel Good About Themselves CHAPTER IINTRODUCTIONSelf esteem refers to the amount of realistic respect that you have for yourself. It is important for a person to have a healthy self-esteem in order to lead a happy and successful life. People with low self-esteems often have a harder time leading a happy and successful life. People with a healthy self-esteem realize that they deserve the good things in their lives, while those who suffer from low self-esteem feel that they deserve only the bad things in live. Each person is responsible for their own self-esteem and can take measures to improve their self-esteem, thereby improving their lives.Background of the studyThe relationship between a student’s scholastic performance and achievement and his/her sense of personal worth or self-esteem is likely to be mediated by a number of factors such as personal and familial aspirations, peer accomplishments and teachers and school expectations. Self-esteem can be defined as an individual’s judgment of his or her self-worth (Rosenberg 1965). Self-esteem is generally considered the evaluative component of the self-concept, a broader representation of the self that include cognitive and behavioral aspects as well as evaluative or affective ones.  (Tomaka&Blascovich, 1991).Self esteem is an extremely popular construct within psychology, and has been related to virtually every other psychological concept or domain, including personality (e.g., shyness), behavioral (e.g., task performance), cognitive (e.g., attribution bias), and clinical concepts (e.g., anxiety & depression). Environment of acceptance and success raises self-esteem, while environment of failures lower it.Coopersmith (1967) cited evidence supporting the importance of self-esteem. He concluded that people with feelings of inadequacy and unworthiness see themselves as inferior and unable to generate inner resources to improve their situation. Feeling of inferiority may result if it does not meet personal aspirations. In hi s antecedents of self, he suggested four factors that contribute to the development of self- esteem. These are: the values that the child perceives to have towards the self, the child’s experience withsuccess and his individual definitions of success or failure as well as the child’s style of dealing with negative feedback or criticism.To understand a man psychologically, one must understand the nature and degree of one’s self-esteem, and the standards that one judges oneself. Self-esteem is confidence in one’s capacity to achieve values (Branden, 1970) People with high self-esteem take risks more easily than those with low self-esteem. Low self-esteem has many different manifestations; withdrawal, depression, and lack of self- confidence are all symptoms of low self-esteem. As the first emphasis of this study, self-esteem has shown to be a significant personality variable in determining human behavior.OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDYThe objective that guided this study sought to analyze the personal strengths of the participants, to elevate their self- esteem and create positive self image. Aims to increase self confidence and self awareness to enable positive decision making and to form constructive relationships. To empower young people especially the college students to advocate on their own and on other’s behalf. To maintain a stable and positive sense of oneself.SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDYThe significance of this study is to help the following; Students. This research study will help students especially those who was not able to cope and handle social problems and to learn how to deal with it. Teachers. This will serve as the basis for future plans of teachers with regard to the necessary actions for the recovery of the deteriorating self- esteem of the students. Parents. This study will enrich their knowledge about self-esteem and can help to boost their child self confidence. Researchers. This study, particularly, its results wi ll be of great help, for it will supplement and compliment needed ideas of the researchers.STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM1.) How do self esteem associated with depression, anxiety, motivation and satisfaction to the participants? 2.) What are the factors that causes an individual to lack self confidence? 3.) How do the participants improve their self esteem?SCOPE AND LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDYThe main focus of the study is based on the main problems in the facilities of the Cavite State University-Indang, Campus. It focuses based on knowing college students’ self-esteem and how they want to see themselves during the academic year 2012-2013. The population of frame of this study was the 1st year BS Psychology students from in the Cavite State University-Indang, Campus.ASSUMPTIONS OF THE STUDYThe researchers assume that the participants will answer the given questions accurately. Their personal identity will remain confidential so that the participants who may withdraw from the study a t anytime with no ramifications. In addition to, the respondents will rate some situation truthfully.CHAPTER II Review of related literature and studies Local LiteratureContingencies Of Filipino Adolescent Self-Esteem And The Possible Effect Of Direction Of Social Comparison by Eric L. Dimar This study utilized both quantitative and qualitative approach in order to understand Filipino adolescent self-esteem more, particularly to determine on what contingencies do adolescents base their self-esteem. It also examined direction of social comparison to determine if this is related to their level of self-esteem. Gender differences were also investigated.High school student (N=287) from a private, co-educational institution in Quezon City were administered the Rosenberg Self-Esteem (RSE) Scale, a supplemental version of the Contingencies of Self-Worth (CSW) Scale, and a research-made Direction of Social Comparison Tendency (DSCT) Scale. Chi-square and t-tests were utilized to reveal possi ble relationships among the different variables. Focus groups were organized to investigate further other possible factors affecting adolescents self-esteem.Results revealed that students with low self-esteem compared to those with high self-esteem tend to compare themselves more to others who are better or to those who have more. They also tend to see themselves in areas that they are not positively endowed with. In general adolescents base their self-esteem on internal factors, namely on their belief that they are loved by God and by their adherence to a moral code. No gender differences was found between males and females’ direction of social comparison. Females were found to be more affected than males regarding academic performance, family relationships, and relationship with God.Children need self-esteem by Sofia Logarta (Cebu Daily News) In adulthood, people suffering from low self-esteem often hold themselves back from great opportunities because the feel they do not feel ‘good enough’†. She also called attention to findings of the research of the University of Calgary â€Å"that verbal abuse often has more psychological impact and subsequent psychological damage than physical abuse.†She laments the lack of awareness on the part of parents regarding the act of verbal abuse and its impact on children. â€Å"Their criticism is not helping shape the child into a productive vibrant individual, but rather a shell of a person who is very insecure,  very afraid of life, and afraid of doing something wrong. Sometimes they are not even sure what that wrong would be because they are criticized for everything they do anyhow.†Foreign LiterationAccording to Alfie Kohn (The Truth About Self-Esteem), the schools should try to help students feel good about themselves. This topic has become sufficiently polarized that the vast majority of people who address themselves to it stand in one or two camps: the pro self esteem, mostly educators, who can scarcely believe that anyone would question the importance of trying to improve students perceptions of their own worth, and the critics, who dismiss such efforts as ineffective and nonsensical distractions from academics.This analysis lead him to discuss of what might be more constructive than the usual arguments for and against self esteem. He said that there is no getting around the fact that most educators whose speak earnestly about the need to boost students’ self esteem are unfamiliar with the research that has been conducted on this question at best, they may vaguely assert, he confess he used to do that â€Å"studies† suggest self esteem is terribly important.Taking Charge of Your Self-Image by CB StaffWhen you're feeling inadequate as a college student, keep these five factors in mind: 1. You're not the only one who makes mistakes. You can react to failure in two ways: Drag yourself into the recesses of self-pity, or acknowledge your mista kes and do your best to correct them. 2. Take time to do things you enjoy and excel at. If you don't have a hobby, get one. Jamaica's hobby of volunteering allowed her to put life into perspective. â€Å"It made me realize that some people are worse off than I am,† she says. 3. Set small goals. If you have trouble speaking in class, say hello to someone you don't know. After a couple of weeks, volunteer to speak in class.Pick a time when you're certain you can add insight to the discussion. Later on, get a little gutsier and say something controversial. 4. Every semester, pick a class that interests you, as opposed to one that fills a degree requirement. Evenbeck points out that getting excited by coursework is vital to success, which will naturally improve self-esteem. â€Å"The old ‘sit down,  shut up, and memorize this' approach that some students perceive to be the message of educators is disastrous for student learning,† he says. 5. Visit student tutors an d mentors, even if you don't think you need to. Tutoring services often have a negative stigma attached to them — college students may think visiting a tutor means they're not smart enough to learn on their own.But the main job of a student tutor or mentor is to offer advice in areas where he or she struggled at one time. Evenbeck says tutors and mentors are vital to the learning process. â€Å"Students often arrive without the habits that are required for successful university study. Other students are often in the best [position] to communicate those behaviors to new students,† he says. Developing those habits will lead to greater success and a better self-image. Tending to your sanity and developing a healthy self-image is just as important as anything you learn in a textbook. And maintaining a positive outlook will help keep you out of the doldrums and allow you to concentrate on learning and growing as a person. Jamaica says she learned to lean on people close to her to help get her through: â€Å"It's important to surround yourself with supportive people, like friends and family.†CHAPTER III METHODOLOGY Research DesignThis study used the survey research design. The design was ideal because it facilitated collection of data from a large number of respondents through a self administered questionnaire. The descriptive method was employed since it is interested to find out the extent to which the variables are related to each other. Specifically, the study dealt with self esteem of the students in CVSU.Research InstrumentsPartially structured and open ended questionnaire was developed to collect data on the variables identified for the study. Since self-esteem concept is abstract, affective questions were used to bring out an individual self-esteem concept. These questions aimed at eliciting emotions on how students felt toward themselves.